楊慎《轉注古音》之成書及其音釋引據——兼論《康熙字典》引《轉注古音》考

The Publication and Phonetic Reference of Yang Shen’s Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin：A Concurrently Study on the Textual Study of Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin which Cited in Kangxi Dictionary

明人楊慎古音學著作豐碩，本文以諸家文獻及明萬曆間刊本《轉注古音》為證，以為除《轉注古音略》外，楊慎另有《轉注古音》之作。透過音釋引據對照可知，《轉注古音》不僅結合楊慎諸多古音學文獻，亦蘊含時人校訂、增補的看法。清代《康熙字典》引《轉注古音》者計有三十七字，從中可見《康熙字典》藉《轉注古音》相關釋文，進行著不同面向的文字討論。部分《康熙字典》引據《轉注古音》資料者，乃承襲《正字通》、《字彙補》而來，但並不排除仍有直引《轉注古音》的可能。《轉注古音》原為古音研究而發，但隨著學術歷史的發展，《轉注古音》轉為古詩韻文的憑藉及字典資料庫的引述，在明清學風的發展中，具有一定的影響。

Yang Shen, who was born in Ming Dynasty, had abounding works of ancient phonology. In this article, the writer will take various literatures and Ming Wanli print of Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin as evidence to argue that besides Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin Lüe, Yang Shen also had another work named Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin. Through the comparison by using phonetic reference, the book Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin not only combined Yang’s abounding works of ancient phonology, but also combined people’s opinion about revision and supplement at that time. In Kangxi Dictionary, which made in Qing Dynasty, had quoted thirty-seven words from Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin. Through this evidence, we can find out that the writer of Kangxi Dictionary took related interpretation of Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin to conduct different aspects of words discussion. In Kangxi Dictionary, some parts that cited from Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin, were inherited from Zheng Zhi Tong and Zi Hui Bu. However, we cannot rule out the possibility of directly quoting of Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin. The original conception of Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin was made to study ancient phonology, however, along with the development of academic history, Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin turned out to be the basis of ancient poetry and rhymes, also the quotation of dictionary database. Zhuan Zhu Gu Yin had a certain influence on the development of academic in Ming and Qing Dynasties.