動物性的差異問題化：三重區公園的松鼠、浪貓與鳥類

The Differential Problematization of Animality: Squirrels, Stray Cats, and Birds in the Urban Parks of Sanchong District

本文探討都市公園內的動物如何隨著環境可利用性的衝突及特定問題化方式而現身顯影，並在人與動物的差異化互動中形成有爭議的動物性。筆者選擇新北市三重區四個公園作為觀察場址，訪談居民、里長及新北市政府主責官員，藉此探討人與動物的互動方式。本文選擇松鼠、浪貓與鳥類為研究對象，嘗試呈現人與動物的多樣關係，特別是環繞著環境可利用性而開啟的問題化，以及相應的人類干預。研究發現，問題化機制乃隨著包容與排斥、馴養與野生的張力而展開。浪貓、松鼠和鳥類可能被迫或被誘引進入由人類安排但能支持生存的可利用性，令其居於馴化與野化的模糊邊境地帶，進入童稚化或惡徒化的位置，也捲入因其飲食、排泄、聲響和行為而引發的排斥或包容爭議。都市公園作為人居領域與動物棲地的多重可利用性，以及人與不同動物互動的方式，乃是動物差異性問題化的來源，並塑造出差異化的動物性。

This article explores how animals in urban parks emerge and become visible through conflicts over environmental affordances and specific problematization mechanisms, forming contested animality within differentiated human-animal interactions. The authors selected four parks in Sanchong District, New Taipei City, as observation sites and conducted interviews with local residents, neighborhood chiefs, and responsible officials from the New Taipei City Government to investigate the modes of human-animal interactions. Focusing on squirrels, stray cats, and birds as research subjects, the study attempts to illustrate the diverse relationships between humans and animals, particularly the problematization processes surrounding environmental affordances and corresponding human interventions. The findings reveal that mechanisms of problematization unfold within tensions between inclusion and exclusion, and domestication and wildness. Stray cats, squirrels, and birds may be forced or lured into environments arranged by humans that sustain their survival, situating them on a blurred boundary between domestication and rewilding. These animals often occupy roles of infantilization or vilification and become entangled in controversies over exclusion or inclusion triggered by their feeding, excretion, noises, and behaviors. Urban parks, as spaces of overlapping human habitation and animal habitats, provide multifaceted affordances, and the modes of human interaction with different animals become sources of problematization of animal differences, shaping differentiated forms of animality.