受刑人之基本人權保障──從德國受刑人憲法裁判對我國受刑人行政訴訟之反思

Human Rights of Prisoners-Reflections on Taiwan's Prisoner Administrative Litigation Based on German Constitutional Court Judgment

在德國受刑人提出憲法訴訟而形成憲法裁判的情況眾多，對於我國受刑人提起行政訴訟之前提要件即「監獄處分侵害基本權利且重大」的判斷應該是有相應的參考價值。但是由於篇幅限制之故以及與我國受刑人行政訴訟的對應，本文僅以德國監獄行刑領域的「受刑人再社會化」、「監獄行刑中的住居生活」、「受刑人勞動工作暨教育訓練」、「受刑人持有物品」、「受刑人紀律與安全措施」五個區塊，分別介紹在該等區塊曾經出現的重要德國憲法法院裁判。繼而，本文以我國幾個有代表性的受刑人行政訴訟，從德國憲法法院裁判出發，進行介紹與評釋。

In Germany, there are numerous constitutional Judgment resulting from constitutional complaints filed by prisoners. These rulings provide valuable reference points for assessing the prerequisite for prisoners in our country to file administrative lawsuits—namely, whether prison measures significantly infringe upon fundamental rights. However, due to space limitations and the relevance to administrative litigation involving prisoners in our country, this article focuses on five key aspects of the German prison system:“prisoner resocialization”,“living conditions in prison”,“prison labor and educational training”,“possession of personal items by prisoners”, and“prison discipline and security measures”. Each section introduces significant constitutional rulings of the German Federal Constitutional Court in the respective area. Subsequently, this article examines and interprets several representative administrative lawsuits filed by prisoners in Taiwan, drawing insights from the constitutional rulings of the German Federal Constitutional Court.