精實創業、關鍵轉軸策略與永續平台生態系統發展——以社會企業建構平台為例

Lean Start-Up, Pivoting Strategy, and Sustainable Platform Ecosystem Development: A Platform Building Example of a Social Enterprise

本研究以社會利益觀點研究永續平台生態系統，採用質化鑲嵌式個案深度訪談兩家社會企業：「贈物網」與「甘樂文創」，探討資源匱乏的社會企業如何運用軸心理念精實初創，關鍵轉軸策略(pivoting strategy)，與發展商業模式，三階段方式建構價值共創共享的永續平台生態系統。結果顯示，社會企業建構永續性的平台生態系統，各階段目標、正當性與願景、以及專業資源與知識，隨發展階段有所差異，根據時勢進行關鍵轉軸策略，然而其「物資循環」與「以人為本」的軸心理念是平台生態系統永續經營的基礎，更是吸引與連結多樣化參與者的關鍵。因此，社會企業基於軸心理念為共同目標的和諧協調能力，吸引夥伴、建立正當性與願景，還能培養自身專業技能與知識能力，這種建構永續平台生態系統的服務模式，不但能解決既有的環境與社會問題，亦能獲利以維持永續營運的生態系統價值。

This research uses the social interest view to study sustainable platform ecosystems. It adopts qualitative in-depth interview methods for two embedded cases: the Give Circle and the Culture Art and Nature. We explore how a social enterprise takes a three-step approach, including lean entrepreneurship, pivoting strategy and business model development, to establish a platform ecosystem with value co-creation and co-sharing despite insufficient resources. Our results reveal that goal, legitimacy, vision, professional resources, and knowledge may differ based on the environmental changes that affect pivoting strategy at each stage of development. However, with life extension of goods and a people-centered belief as a pivot ideology, a social enterprise can both sustain the platform ecosystem and act as a key player in attracting and connecting participants. Therefore, establishing life extension of goods and life-changing value as a common goal has become a harmonious coordination capability that attracts partners, builds legitimacy and vision, and develops professional skills and knowledge for the central leader. In initiating this type of service model for the platform ecosystem, social enterprises can address existing environmental and social problems while making profits that help preserve the value of the ecosystem in environmental sustainability.