兩階段二維度模型架構下經費分配規則對競租活動的影響

The Influence of Funding Sharing Rule on Rent-Seeking Activities under Two-Stage Two-Dimensional Model

為能反映現實中的區域間經費競爭活動，往往都是以分階段多維度型態的方式進行之事實，本文以Katz et al. (1990)的純地方公共財經費競租分析架構為基礎，再藉由參考調整Faria et al. (2014)的單階段二維度競租投入模型，建立一個兩階段二維度區域間經費競租分析模型。利用我們所建立的理論模型，分析政府的經費分配規則對於兩階段二維度競租活動的影響效果。本文發現當上級政府提高其經費依據區域之人數比例來分配的比重時，在某些情況下，將有可能會使均衡整體競租努力投入水準增加。本文的上述分析結果，與Nitzan(1991a)和經濟直觀皆認為經費依據一定標準（包括區域人口比例）來分配的比重越高，將會降低競租社會浪費的看法有所差別。

By referring to the model of rent-seeking for public goods proposed by Katz et al. (1990) and the two-dimensional rent-seeking model in Faria et al. (2014). We construct a model of two-stage two-dimensional regional-based rent-seeking for funds. Using our model, we investigate the impact of sharing rule of funds on two-stage two-dimensional rent-seeking activities. Different from Nitzan (1991a) and intuition about the increasing of the funds allocated according to specific standard will decrease social rent-seeking effort. Our finding shows that in some circumstances, the central government increases the proportion of its funds allocated according to the number of residents in the two regions may increase social overall rent-seeking effort.