Satir模式之中年人際團體的療效因子與成效

The Therapeutic Factors and Effects of the Middle-aged Interpersonal Group with Satir Model

目的：探討Satir模式中年諮商團體之療效因子以及對成員在人際溝通的成效。
方法：採準實驗設計法，介入為Satir模式之八週團體，實驗組為51-58歲六位成員，其他六位相同性別、年齡、有無子女、職業之成員為對照組。工具為中文版雅樂姆療效因子量表及「台灣人版」薩提爾溝通姿態量表，於實驗組前、中、後測收集相關數據。後以描述性統計分析療效因子，並以無母數獨立樣本U檢定及描述性統計作為溝通姿態組間前後測分析。另於團體結束，以半結構式訪談實驗組成員輔助了解團體療效歷程變化。
結果：療效因子前測之利他、普遍、宣洩等在後測中排名下降，存在因素、希望灌注、團體凝聚在團體前、中、後期均為重要的療效因子。兩組在後測溝通姿態中，「指責型」有顯著差異（實驗組平均值2.28；對照組平均值1.33；U = 2.00**），質性訪談中成員表示透過團體對於自身在日常人際互動的指責行為有更多覺察。兩組平均數前三高之溝通姿態均為圓融、一致、忍讓。
結論：Satir之家庭生活年表、家庭圖、溝通姿態、家庭重塑等模式確實為中年團體成員帶來人際覺察，參與團體，為中年成員提供良好人際支持及存在、希望、凝聚之團體療效。

Objective: This study examines the therapeutic factors of a Satir Model counseling group for middle-aged adults and its effects on their interpersonal communication.
Method: A quasi-experimental design was utilized with an eight-week intervention based on the Satir Model. The experimental group consisted of six participants aged 51-58, with a control group matched by gender, age, parenthood status, and occupation. Instruments included the Chinese version of Yalom's Therapeutic Factors Scale and the Taiwanese version of the Satir Communication Stances Inventory. Descriptive statistics and a non-parametric U-test were employed to analyze changes in therapeutic factors and communication stances pre- and postintervention. Semi-structured interviews with the experimental group provided qualitative insights into therapeutic processes.
Results: Pre-test rankings of therapeutic factors such as altruism, universality, and catharsis declined in the post-test, while existential factors, hope instillation, and group cohesion remained prominent throughout the intervention. The“blaming”communication stance significantly differed between groups post-intervention（experimental mean = 2.28; control mean = 1.33; U = 2.00**). Qualitative interviews indicated increased self-awareness of blaming behaviors among participants. The top communication stances across both groups were congruence, placating, and compromising.
Conclusion: The Satir Model effectively enhanced interpersonal awareness and provided significant therapeutic benefits, including existential support, hope, and group cohesion, for middle-aged participants.