作為「起源」的「ἄπειρον（無限／未限定）」概念初探──從亞理斯多德對先蘇哲學分類談起

An Attempt to Explore the Concept of“ἄπειρον”as Origin: Starting from Aristotle’s Classification of Presocratic Philosophy

本文由闡述哲學的出現與ἀρχή（始基／起源）概念二者的關係開始，透過對阿納西曼德的「ἄπειρον」（無限／未限定）概念之分析，嘗試釐清哲學的根本精神以及此學科在其初始階段的可能性意涵，其研究進路包括下面兩部分：首先，本文作為一基礎研究，將從阿納西曼德的文本CAG IX, 24,13-25之來源問題著手，同時也說明研究先蘇哲學與文獻學之間的相互關聯。其次，筆者雖然肯定「從神話到哲學」的研究方法，即回到神話中去尋找「ἄπειρον」概念出現的土壤。但本文此次所欲處理的是另一個方向，即「ἄπειρον」作為一哲學概念的意義，也就是它作為亞理斯多德在論述先蘇哲學中ἀρχή的意義。在此，本文將分析亞理斯多德三組對早先蘇哲學的分類（Physik 187a12-23、De gen. et corr. 314a8-12、Metaphysik 1069b20-23），試圖說明亞理斯多德哲學中出現的混合物（μῖγμα）以及「居間者」（μεταξύ）與「ἄπειρον」的關係，以期在有限的文獻之下能進一步釐清阿納西曼德的世界圖像，同時呈現「ἄπειρον」概念的可能性內容及其作為哲學發展中ἀρχή概念之意義。

This paper embarks on an inquiry of the relationship between the genesis of philosophy and the concept ofἀρχή(principle, origin) within the realm of early Greek philosophical thought. Focusing on the analysis of Anaximander’s concept ofἄπειρον(infinite, indefinite), this study seeks to illuminate the foundational ethos of philosophy and the potential implications thereof during its initial phase. It comprises two main approaches: firstly, serving as a foundational study, it delves into the sources and textual intricacies of Anaximander’s fragment, particularly in CAG IX, 24, 13-25, while also illustrating the intertwined nature of Presocratic philosophy and philology. Secondly, although the author acknowledges the research method of ''from myth to philosophy,'' which traces the soil of the emergence of the conceptἄπειρονto mythology, this study attempts an alternative path–namely, the meaning ofἄπειρονas a philosophical concept, particularly its significance asἀρχή(principle) in Aristotle's discourse on Presocratic philosophy. In this vein, this paper undertakes an analysis of Aristotle’s three classifications of Presocratic philosophy (Physik: 187a12-23, De gen. et corr.: 314a8-12, Metaphysik: 1069 b20-23), endeavoring to explicate the correlation between Aristotle's concepts of mixture (μῖγμα) , intermediate (μεταξύ) and theἄπειρον, in order to further clarify Anaximander's worldview within the limited literature and to present the potential content of the conceptἄπειρονand its significance as a principle in the evolution of philosophy.