戰後吳濁流文學在日出版與傳播的文化政治──以〈無花果〉為例

The Cultural Politics of Postwar Publication and Dissemination of Wu Zhuoliu’s Literature in Japan: A Case Study of“The Fig Tree”

吳濁流（1900-1976）是少數戰後在日出版多部作品集的台灣作家，本論文將探討戰後吳濁流文學在日出版與傳播的情況，釐清作為吳濁流的後殖民文本〈無花果〉，在前帝國日本出版與傳播的文化政治。筆者首先耙梳吳濁流在五○年代如何在戰前南京《大陸新報》時期同事等人的協助下，出版了《アジヤの孤児》和《歪められた島》，建立他在日本的人際網絡。接著，釐清在七○年代吳濁流如何利用出訪日本的機會，在戴國煇等人的協助下，〈無花果〉如何連載在日本的《中國》，解決《無花果》中譯本在台灣島內遭禁的問題，並說明手抄稿、中文版與日文版之間的版本問題。最後，探討收入《夜明け前の台湾》的〈無花果〉，引起不同立場的評論者和讀者怎樣的迴響，試圖藉由吳濁流文學這個案研究說明，冷戰時期台灣文學「流亡」日本的傳播軌跡，及其呈現的文化現象。

Wu Zhuoliu (1900–1976) was one of the few Taiwanese writers whose works were published and disseminated in Japan after World War II. This paper explores the postwar publication and distribution of Wu Zhuoliu’s literature in Japan, highlighting the cultural politics involved in the publication and circulation of“The Fig Tree,”a postcolonial text by Wu, within Japan, the former colonial power.
Firstly, this study traces how Wu, with the assistance of his former colleagues from the prewar period at Dalu Xinbao in Nanjing, successfully published Orphan of Asia (Ajiya no koji) and Distorted Island (*ugamerareta shima) in the 1950s, thereby establishing a personal network in Japan. Next, it examines how, in the 1970s, Wu leveraged his visits to Japan and, with the help of figures such as Tai Kuo-hui, managed to serialize“The Fig Tree”in the Japanese journal Chūgoku (China), thereby circumventing the ban imposed its Chinese translation in Taiwan. This section also clarifies the textual variations among the handwritten manuscript, the Chinese translation, and the Japanese edition.
Finally, this paper analyzes the reception of“The Fig Tree,”as included in Taiwan Before Dawn (Yoake mae no Taiwan), by critics and readers from diverse ideological perspectives. By examining this case study of Wu Zhuoliu’s literature, this research seeks to delineate the dissemination pathways and trajectory of Taiwanese literary‘exile’to Japan during the Cold War and the cultural phenomena it generated.