台灣哲學和文學的夢與醒

Taiwanese Philosophy and Taiwan Literature in Dream and in Awakening

台灣哲學和台灣文學在戰前到戰後之交有共同的根源、也有近乎相同的命運，而且都對「主體性」有過深刻的思考與追求，雖然兩者對「主體性」概念的論述不盡相同。然而，台灣文學已在1980年代從戰後的噩夢中甦醒，1990年代開花結果，今天已形成鞏固的主體性。反觀台灣哲學從戰後就一直處在夢中，遲至2014年後才可以說覺醒（雖然之前已有零星的聲音），幾乎比台灣文學遲到了30年。即使如此，台灣文學和台灣哲學仍然走著具有共同結構、但時間上不盡然一致的路線。因此，本文想探問：台灣文學以及台灣哲學有什麼樣的共同根源和不同命運軌跡？早覺醒的台灣文學主體化歷程能對台灣哲學主體化工程提供什麼樣的啟發？本文應用「群體主體化」的理論架構，來探討台灣哲學和台灣文學的覺醒歷程，也是主體化歷程，刻劃它們經歷「覺醒」和「夢境」兩種隱喻狀態，顯示出主體化歷程的曲折與艱難。本文也區分「無知化」、「被消音」、「躲避逃離」和「自我欺騙」四種夢境狀態，指認台灣文學和哲學進入夢境時的特徵。

Taiwanese philosophy and Taiwan literature share a common root and have experienced similar fates around the time of World War II. Despite differing in their discussions on the concept of subjectivity, both have profoundly contemplated and pursued this idea. However, Taiwan literature awakened from the post-war nightmare in the 1980s, flourished in the 1990s, and today has developed a consolidated form of subjectivity. In contrast, Taiwanese philosophy has remained in a dream-like state since the post-war period, only truly awakening after 2014-- nearly thirty years later than Taiwan literature. Nevertheless, both Taiwan literature and Taiwanese philosophy continue on parallel paths with a shared structure, though their timelines are not entirely aligned.
This paper seeks to explore the common roots and differing trajectories of Taiwan literature and philosophy. It asks: what insights can the earlier process of subjectification in Taiwan literature offer to the subjectification project of Taiwanese philosophy? Using the theoretical framework of“group subjectification”, this paper examines the awakening processes of Taiwanese philosophy and Taiwan literature individually. It characterizes their experiences of“awakening”and“dreaming”as metaphorical states, highlighting the twists and challenges of the subjectification process. Additionally, it identifies four states of dreaming: ignorance, being silenced, evasion, and self-deception, and analyzes the characteristics of Taiwan literature and Taiwanese philosophy as they enter these states.