精神衛生照護的健康平權－－護理師的挑戰與準備

Health Equity in Mental Health Care: Challenges for Nurses and Related Preparation

精神病人面臨社會結構決定因素、缺乏整合性健康照護、社會污名及數位科技應用落差等健康不公平的挑戰。身為精神病人的代言者，護理師在推動健康平權上扮演關鍵角色。因此，護理師應培養結構性能力，理解經濟、政治與社會結構對精神衛生照護的影響。其次，護理師應具備文化敏感性與包容性，在照護過程中尊重病人的文化背景，建立信任關係，減少歧視與污名對病人健康的影響。此外，護理師應積極參與健康政策制定與倡議，消除精神衛生照護系統中的結構性障礙，提升醫療可及性與公平性。護理師亦應與多方利益相關者合作，建立跨領域社區夥伴關係，透過社區計畫與政策轉譯，推動系統性變革。而隨著人工智慧與數位技術的發展，護理師應持續提升專業能力，確保精神病人獲得公平、高品質且包容的健康照護，進而促進整體社會健康福祉的提升。

Individuals with mental illness face significant challenges in achieving health equity due to social and structural determinants, fragmented healthcare systems, social stigmas, and disparities in digital health access. As advocates for individuals with mental illness, nurses play a crucial role in promoting health equity. Therefore, nurses must develop structural competency to understand how economic, political, and social structures impact mental healthcare. Moreover, nurses should cultivate cultural sensitivity and inclusivity to appropriately respect the cultural backgrounds of their patients during care, build trust, and reduce the negative impacts of discrimination and stigmas on their health. In addition, nurses should participate actively in health policy formulation and advocacy to eliminate structural barriers within the mental healthcare system to improve accessibility and fairness in medical services. Furthermore, nurses need to collaborate with multiple stakeholders to establish interdisciplinary community partnerships, drive systemic change through community programs and policy translation, and ensure sustainable improvements. As artificial intelligence and digital technologies continue to evolve, nurses must enhance their professional competencies continually to guarantee equitable, high-quality, and inclusive healthcare for those with mental illness and, ultimately, advance overall societal well-being.