敘事醫學教育對醫療照護領域學生關懷能力及同理心之影響

The Impact of Narrative Medicine Education on Empathy and Caring Abilities in Healthcare Students

美國醫學研究院（Institute of Medicine, IOM）指出針對健康照護專業人員進行教育改革為改善醫療保健系統之重要關鍵，呼籲除關注專業技術能力之外，亦應著重於培養同理心及發展關懷能力。植基於同理心、反思、專業和信任的敘事醫學（Narrative Medicine, NM）廣泛應用於醫療照護相關課程，在醫學、教育和人文等跨學科學習中發揮重要作用，成為一項有效提升學生關懷能力及同理心的教學策略。本研究為探究敘事醫學對醫療照護領域學生「關懷能力」及「同理心」之影響，針對中部某醫療照護類科技大學之敘事醫學融入課程，修課學生進行「關懷能力」及「同理心」問卷調查，分析結果顯示（1）修課學生關懷能力總分屬低度標準，勇氣構面屬中度標準、（2）修課學生關懷能力雖有提升，但未達顯著水準、（3）修課學生「同理心」整體平均數提升，各構面變化不一、（4）部分題項呈顯著差異，惟影響效果不一致，據以提出（1）宜建構我國文化背景下不同行業別之關懷能力標準、（2）宜及早培養醫療照護領域學生同理心、（3）宜長期深入探究敘事醫學之影響性等建議，以做為醫療照護領域規劃敘事醫學相關課程之重要參據。

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has highlighted that reforming education for healthcare professionals is crucial for improving the healthcare system, emphasizing the need to focus not only on technical skills but also on cultivating empathy and developing caring abilities. Narrative Medicine (NM), grounded in empathy, reflection, professionalism, and trust, is widely integrated into healthcare-related curricula. It plays a significant role in interdisciplinary learning across medicine, education, and the humanities, and has proven to be an effective pedagogical strategy for enhancing students' caring abilities and empathy. This study investigates the impact of Narrative Medicine on the ''caring abilities'' and ''empathy'' of students in the healthcare field. Using a Narrative Medicine-integrated curriculum at a technological university specializing in healthcare in central Taiwan, the study administered questionnaires assessing ''caring abilities'' and ''empathy'' to enrolled students. The analysis revealed that: (1) students' overall caring ability scores were below the standard, with courage as a moderate standard; (2) although there was an improvement in caring abilities, it was not statistically significant; (3) the overall average score for empathy increased, but changes in different dimensions varied; (4) some items showed significant differences, although the effects were inconsistent. The study suggests: (1) developing standards for caring abilities specific to different industries within the cultural context of Taiwan; (2) fostering empathy in healthcare students from an early stage; (3) conducting long-term, in-depth research on the impact of Narrative Medicine. These recommendations are intended to serve as important references for planning Narrative Medicine-related curricula in the healthcare field.