銀髮族靈性健康、生活滿意度與成功老化之研究

A Study of Spiritual Health, Life Satisfaction and Successful Aging in Elders

近年來，隨著人口高齡化的加劇，少子化導致的扶養比問題日益嚴峻，成功老化已成為當代社會的重要課題。圓滿和諧的成功老化不僅對銀髮族本身至關重要，更是促進代際共融、社會穩定發展的關鍵。本研究探討生活滿意度、靈性健康與成功老化之間的相互關係，旨在深入理解影響成功老化的核心因素，並為銀髮族的健康促進與政策制定提供實證依據。本研究採用問卷調查法，共回收110份有效問卷，並透過SPSS與AMOS統計軟體進行資料分析。研究結果顯示：（1）生活滿意度顯著正向影響成功老化，即擁有較高生活滿意度的銀髮族，在身心健康與社會適應方面表現更佳；（2）生活滿意度顯著正向影響靈性健康，說明內在滿足感與價值實現有助於提升靈性健康狀態；（3）靈性健康顯著正向影響成功老化，顯示心靈上的平衡與信念的穩固，有助於銀髮族維持積極的老化歷程。
本研究進一步從管理與政策層面提出建議，強調政府與社會應促進高齡者的生活滿意度與靈性健康，如提供心理支持資源、鼓勵社會參與、優化長照與退休制度等。此外，未來研究可進一步探討休閒活動、健康行為與社會連結等變項，深化對成功老化的影響機制之理解，以建構更完整的高齡健康理論架構。

In recent years, the challenges associated with an aging population have intensified, exacerbated by declining birth rates and an increasingly imbalanced dependency ratio. Successful aging has become a critical issue in modern society, not only for the well-being of older adults but also for fostering intergenerational harmony and social stability. This study explores the interrelationships among life satisfaction, spiritual health, and successful aging, aiming to identify key determinants of successful aging and provide empirical evidence for health promotion and policy development for older adults. A questionnaire survey method was employed, collecting 110 valid responses, which were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS statistical software. The results indicate that: (1) Life satisfaction has a significant positive impact on successful aging, suggesting that older adults with higher life satisfaction exhibit better physical, mental, and social adaptation; (2) Life satisfaction significantly enhances spiritual health, demonstrating that inner contentment and a sense of purpose contribute to improved spiritual well-being; and (3) Spiritual health significantly influences successful aging, highlighting the importance of psychological balance and a stable belief system in promoting a positive aging trajectory.
From a managerial and policy perspective, this study emphasizes the necessity for governments and societies to promote life satisfaction and spiritual health among older adults by providing psychosocial support, encouraging social engagement, and optimizing long-term care and retirement policies. Furthermore, future research could explore leisure activities, health behaviors, and social connectivity as additional variables to deepen the understanding of successful aging and establish a more comprehensive theoretical framework for aging and well-being.