早期親職敏感性介入於早產兒母親依附關係、養育信心及親職壓力之成效

The Effectiveness of an Early Parental Sensitivity Intervention on Attachment, Parenting Confidence, and Parental Stress in Mothers of Preterm Infants

背景：早產兒需住院專業照護，常與父母分離，可能對母子依附關係、照護信心和親職壓力產生負面影響。早產兒的脆弱性使父母對照護信心不足，增加親職壓力。
目的：探討早期親職敏感性介入對早產兒母親依附關係、養育信心及親職壓力之成效。
方法：採準實驗研究法，將早產兒母親分為實驗組及控制組各34位。控制組接受常規護理指導，實驗組則接受早期親職敏感性介入，包括虛擬實境導覽新生兒加護病房、提供早產兒行為線索影片及參與照護活動。使用「親子依附量表」、「母育信心量表」及「新生兒加護病房親職壓力量表」進行評估，並用廣義估計方程式分析組間差異。
結果：實驗組在出生第3–5天顯示較高的母親依附關係和養育信心，及較低的親職壓力。然而，出生第3–5天至一個月後，兩組在依附關係、養育信心及親職壓力皆無顯著的變化。
結論／實務應用：本研究結果發現早期介入計畫於早產兒母親並非短時間即能建立依附關係、養育信心及緩解親職壓力，未來研究可強調持續性介入的重要性。

Background: Preterm infants require specialized hospital care and are often separated from their parents, which may impact mother-infant attachment, parenting confidence, and parental stress negatively. Moreover, the vulnerability of preterm infants leads to lower parenting confidence among parents, increasing parental stress.
Purpose: This study was designed to examine the effectiveness of early parental sensitivity interventions on mother-infant attachment, parenting confidence, and parental stress in mothers of preterm infants.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted, with the participants, all mothers of preterm infants, assigned to either the experimental (n = 34) or control (n = 34) group. The control group received standard care instructions, while the experimental group received early parental sensitivity interventions, including a virtual reality tour of the neonatal intensive care unit, behavioral cue videos for premature infants, and participation in caregiving activities. The Maternal Attachment Inventory, Maternal Confidence Questionnaire, and Parental Stressor Scale: Infant Hospitalization were used to collect study data, with differences analyzed using generalized estimating equations.
Results: The experimental group showed higher average mother-infant attachment and parenting confidence and lower average parental stress than the control group during the third through fifth days after birth. However, no significant changes in these three variables were observed between the fifth day and one month after birth in either group.
Conclusions/ Implications for Practice: The results of this study found that early intervention programs for mothers of preterm infants may not immediately establish attachment, build parenting confidence, or alleviate parental stress in a short period. It is recommended that the importance of continuous intervention be emphasized in future research.