運動內衣設計特徵與其功能的量化研究：綜論性文獻回顧

Quantification study of the design features and functions of sports bras: A narrative review

隨著女性從事各種運動項目的比例增加，運動內衣的穿著目的與設計逐漸被重視。女性因運動過程而產生的對胸部不適是一項待解決的問題，過去的研究常以胸部位移量多寡作為評估運動內衣支撐性的依據，而支撐性會受到設計特徵、織品材質、版型等因素交互影響。本研究針對2010年1月至2024年5月期間的學術文章，使用關鍵字「sports bra」、「design」及「biomechanics」在Scopus、PubMed及SAGE三個電子資料庫中進行文獻檢索。經篩選後共計納入10篇文獻，並將結果分為設計特徵與動作模式兩種類型進行探討。設計特徵此類型包括多種設計特徵綜合評比（3篇）、肩帶設計（2篇）、不同設計特徵影響穿著貼合度（1篇）及不同布料材質（1篇）。動作模式此類型包含不同運動強度檢測支撐性（3篇）。此10篇文獻中有4篇文獻內含舒適度量表，且7篇設計特徵之研究能歸納出對於支撐性與舒適度較佳的運動內衣設計。未來設計運動內衣時，可將版型、有無襯墊、布料材質、下圍可調性、胸部上緣包覆度、肩帶寬度與走向納入可以投入關注的設計特徵，有助於挑選具限制位移能力的設計特徵納入整體設計。亦建議消費者根據不同運動模式以及強度需求來考量適合的運動內衣，以達到兼具功能的理想組合。

With the increasing proportion of women engaging in various sports activities, the purpose and design of sports bras have gained increasing attention. The discomfort women experience in their breasts during exercise is an issue that requires attention. Previous studies have often used breast displacement to measure sports bra supportiveness, which is influenced by the interaction of design features, fabric materials, and patterns. In this study, we used keywords sports bra, design and biomechanics to search for the relative academic articles from three databases—Scopus, PubMed, and SAGE from January 2010 to May 2024. After screening, 10 articles were included in this review and were categorized into two areas including design features and motion patterns. The design features section included comprehensive evaluations of various design aspects (3 articles), shoulder strap design (2 articles), the impact of different features on fit (1 article), and fabric materials (1 article). The motion patterns section explored supportiveness tested under varying exercise intensities (3 articles). Additionally, 4 of the 10 articles included comfort rating scales. Across the studies on design features, 7 articles identified key characteristics for better supportiveness and comfort in sports bras. Features such as pattern, padding, fabric material, under-bust band adjustability, upper breast coverage, and shoulder strap width and orientation should be incorporated as key design features for future sports bra designs. These design features are crucial in limiting breast displacement. Moreover, consumers should consider selecting sports bras based on the specific exercise modes and intensity requirements to achieve the ideal balance of functionality and comfort.