棒（壘）球跑壘起跑直線與繞壘技術文獻回顧性探討

A review of baseball and softball starting, straight lines, and rounding of base running techniques

棒壘球跑壘在比賽中是影響進攻方得分的關鍵，而好的跑壘速度能帶給防守方壓力，從而製造更多上壘機會。在不同的比賽情境下，跑壘的起跑姿勢與運用技巧不盡相同，因此本文目的在回顧與棒壘球跑壘相關之文獻，探討跑壘起跑、直線跑、繞壘之技術與評估方式。起跑表現會受到起跑姿勢影響，反應時間會影響接收訊號到跨出第一步的時間。直線衝刺被認為是跑壘中最基本的能力，棒壘球的壘間距離在27.43公尺以下，30公尺衝刺適合用來評估棒壘球選手的直線衝刺的能力，並發現選手應發展加速的能力，而非最大速度。繞壘是棒壘球特有的技術，需要通過改變方向及身體傾斜來維持速度並完成跑壘。教練在選擇評估與訓練繞壘方法時，應考慮符合其特殊性。透過起跑、直線跑、繞壘的評估與訓練，使棒壘球選手提升跑壘表現。

Base running was the key to scoring runs for the offense in baseball or softball games. A good base running speed could bring pressure to the defense and create more opportunities to get on base. In different game situations, the starting positions and techniques of base running were different. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to review the literatures related to baseball and softball base running, and to examine the techniques and evaluation methods of starting, running in a straight line, and running around the bases. Starting performance was affected by the starting stance, and reaction time affected the time between receiving the signal and taking the first step. Sprinting in a straight line was considered to be the most basic ability in running. The distance between bases in baseball and softball was 27.43 meters or less. Therefore, the 30-meter dash was more appropriate for assessing the ability of baseball and softball players' straight-line dash. It was found that players should develop the ability in the acceleration phase rather than maximum speed. Rounding the bases was the specific technique that required direction changes and body tilts to maintain speed and complete the run. Coaches should consider conforming to the specifics of base running when selecting methods for assessing and training rounding the bases. Through the evaluation and training of starting, running in a straight line and rounding the bases, baseball and softball players will be able to improve their performance in base running.