高科技產業環境、社會、公司治理決策因素與績效關聯度分析──以臺積電和臺達電為例

本文以灰關聯分析法，模糊理論（Fuzzy Theory）與層級分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP）結合成的模糊層級分析法（FAHP），分析高科技產業的臺積電和臺達電在2018至2021年之間，企業營運績效與環境、社會、公司治理（ESG）衡量指標的關聯度。首先，本文以灰關聯分析發現，臺積電和臺達電在落實ESG責任之因素方面，都與營運績效有高度的關聯性，而『環境』因素的「溫室氣體排放」、「排放強度」、「用水」三項指標，都與公司產值關聯度最高；其次，本文以模糊層級分析法就這兩家高科技公司相關主管的意見進行分析，結果發現兩家公司在ESG進行決策時，都對『環境』構面下的評估指標投入較大的關注。
本文的貢獻在於分析臺積電和臺達電兩家公司ESG細項因素與產值的關聯度順序，在資源有限的客觀條件下，各個因素間的實施順序會有排擠效果，便須思考何種因素優先實施，這些分析有助於其他廠商參考；除此，本文找出這兩家高科技科公司經營管理者對實施ESG細項重要性的看法，藉由分析他們的認知，反映臺灣高科技廠商於全球ESG監管機制下，如何看待人的生存權益與企業發展空間，這些發現與討論彰顯臺灣高科技產業廠商的特色，也有助於相關利害關係人的參考。

This study applies Grey Relational Analysis and the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), which combines Fuzzy Theory, and Analytic Hierarchy Process, to analyze the correlation between corporate operational performance and environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) metrics in the high-tech industry for TSMC and Delta between 2018 and 2021. Firstly, through Grey Relational Analysis, the study finds a high correlation between the implementation of ESG responsibilities and operational performance for both TSMC and Delta. Among the“environmental”factors, the indicators of“greenhouse gas emissions,”“emission intensity,”and“water usage”exhibit the highest correlation with company performance. Secondly, using FAHP, the study analyzes the opinions of relevant managers from these two high-tech companies and finds that both companies pay significant attention to the assessment indicators under the“environmental”dimension during ESG decision-making.
The contribution of this study lies in analyzing the correlation order between ESG sub-factors and company performance for TSMC and Delta. Given limited resources and objective conditions, the implementation sequence of various factors may have an exclusion effect, requiring consideration of which factors should be prioritized. This analysis provides valuable insights for other firms to refer to. Additionally, this study identifies the perspectives of the managers of these two high-tech companies regarding the importance of implementing ESG sub-factors. By analyzing their perceptions, it reflects how Taiwanese high-tech companies perceive human issues and the corporate development under the global ESG regulatory mechanism. These findings and discussions highlight the characteristics of Taiwanese high-tech industry firms and provide useful references for relevant stakeholders.