1945-1949年台灣孫中山紀念中的中國想像

戰後初期台灣大力推展的孫中山紀念，帶有濃厚的中國想像性質。因此本文企圖藉由想像地理的概念，討論1945-1949年這段政治權力轉換之際，台灣官方與民間透過孫中山紀念所建構的中國想像議題。研究採取歷史文獻分析法，選取國父紀念週、逝世紀念日、誕辰紀念日之史料，及民間日常涉及孫中山紀念的文稿作為分析素材。
研究發現，中國想像在官方與民間存在著一般性的共同意象，再現了國民黨觀點的國族國家近代史；除了共產黨皆為負面論述外，我群與他者皆具有正、負面二元意象。而在日本及台灣殖民遺緒方面，官方與民間內部明顯都有著想像競爭；想像者持有何種視角，係綜合自身生命經驗的結果，而非由單一因素所決定。最後，以事件來看，1946年東北撤軍問題、1947年全國總動員戡亂、1948年國共戰局轉變，牽動了宏觀尺度中國想像的變化。

The assiduous promotion of the commemoration of Sun Yat-sen in early postwar Taiwan partakes of a marked imaginary quality of China. This article, therefore, seeks to use imaginative geographies as a concept to investigate the imagination of China as constructed through the commemoration of Sun Yat-sen in governmental and private sectors of Taiwan during the transition of political power from 1945 to 1949. A historical document analysis was conducted, and the source documents used included those concerning the Memorial Week, Death Anniversary, and Birthday of Dr. Sun Yat-sen as well as common and folk writing involving the commemoration of Sun Yat-sen.
It was found that general shared images exist in the imagination of China in both governmental and private sectors, representing a modern history of the nation state from the Kuomintang’s perspective. Except for being all negative on the Chinese Communist Party, both positive and negative images can be found in the in-group and out-group discourses. In terms of Japan and its colonial legacy in Taiwan, there is an apparent internal competition of the imagination within both the government and the private sector; the angle that an imaginator takes would be the result from multiple personal life experiences rather than a single factor. Finally, as regards historical events, the retreat of Soviet troops from the Northeast China in 1946, National Mobilization for the Suppression of the Communist Rebellion in 1947, and the change of situation in the Chinese Civil War in 1948 have affected the imagination of China on a macroscopic scale.