以健康信念模式探討北部某醫院女性員工子宮頸抹片檢查與子宮頸癌疫苗接種行為及影響相關因素

Using Health Belief Model to Examine Beliefs, Behaviors, and Related Factors Regarding Pap Smear Test and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine among Female Staff in a Regional Hospital in Northern Taiwan

本研究旨在探討北部某醫院女性員工，子宮頸癌疾病認知和其健康信念模式相關性，以了解執行子宮頸抹片檢查和施打人類乳突病毒疫苗困難之原因。研究方法採便利性取樣及問卷調查收集資料，研究對象以某地區醫院女性員工為收案對象，發放100份問卷，回收率達100%，資料以SPSS 24版進行分析。結果顯示女性員工平均年齡為33.53+8.9歲，子宮頸癌疾病認知與預防認知平均得分5.5+1.4分。子宮頸抹片檢查和年齡、婚姻、性經驗、生育經驗有顯著差異。子宮頸抹片檢查和施打人類乳突病毒疫苗與健康信念中自覺行動障礙、行動線索和自我效能，統計上達顯著差異。子宮頸抹片檢查以年齡、婚姻狀況和生育經驗為重要預測因子。施打人類乳突病毒疫苗和人口學變項皆無顯著相關。整體而言，子宮頸抹片檢查與人口學變項有顯著相關，而施打人類乳突病毒疫苗與人口學變項皆無顯著相關。但子宮頸抹片檢查和施打人類乳突病毒疫苗與健康信念中自覺行動障礙、行動線索和自我效能有顯著相關。未來建議可跨院區或多家醫療院所收案，以增加施打人類乳突病毒疫苗的相關性。

This study aims to e×plore the correlation between cervical cancer awareness and related health belief models among female staff in a hospital. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the difficulties in undergoing Pap smears and receiving the Human Papillomavirus（HPV）vaccine. This study employed convenience sampling and questionnaires at a local community hospital in northern Taiwan. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed, and all were returned as valid, yielding a recovery rate of 100%. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 24. Convenience sampling and questionnaires were utilized at the local community hospital, where 100 female employees were recruited. Structured questionnaires were administered, covering topics such as cervical cancer awareness, the Pap smear health belief model, and the HPV vaccine health belief model. The results indicated that the average age of the female employees was 33.53±8.9 years, and the average score for cervical cancer awareness and prevention awareness was 5.5±1.4. Significant differences in Pap smear uptake were observed based on age, marital status, se×ual e×perience, and childbearing e×perience. Additionally, significant statistical differences in perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy in health beliefs were found for both Pap smear uptake and HPV vaccination. Age, marital status, and se×ual e×perience were identified as important predictors of Pap smear uptake. No significant correlation was found between HPV vaccination and demographic variables. Overall, Pap smear uptake was significantly correlated with demographic variables, whereas HPV vaccination was not. However, both Pap smear uptake and HPV vaccination were significantly correlated with perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy in health beliefs. Therefore, we recommend that future studies e×pand enrollment across hospital branches and multiple medical institutions to enhance the correlation with HPV vaccination.