屏東縣社區發展協會之發展歷程與策略探究：社區能力觀點

The Development Process and Strategies of Community Development Associations in Pingtung County: The Perspective of Community Capacity

本研究基於社區能力的觀點，探討績優社區發展協會的發展歷程和解決問題的策略，社區能力可視為是人力資本、組織資源與社區資本的互動，具備社區能力者可以做為解決集體問題，改善或維持社區福祉的方法。本研究採取質化研究方法，以立意抽樣（purposive sampling）選取屏東地區7個績優社區發展協會作為研究對象，訪談21位曾任或現任的社區發展協會之主要領導者或幹部。研究聚焦於社區組織資源能力、分工型態、網絡能力、方案能力以及政治能力等五大面向之討論，主要研究發現為：1.社區資源能力建構與社區幹部能力之養成息息相關；2.社區組織資源整合性強，但財務自主性不夠；3.方案能力仰賴多方協力，以達推動成效。相關研究建議包含：1.連結在地或鄰近學校資源之能力；2.建構社區資源連結能力；3.培養方案計畫撰寫人力；4.強化社區組織倡議能力之能量；5.提高社區組織財源的自主性。

Based on the community capacity perspective, this study explored the development process and problem-solving strategies of high-performing community development associations. Community capacity can be regarded as the interactions between human capital, organizational resources, and community capital. Community capacity can be used as a means to solve collective problems and improve or maintain community well-being. This study adopted the qualitative research method and selected seven high-performing community development associations in Pingtung County as research objects through purposive sampling. In this study, 21 former or current leaders or members of the community development associations were interviewed. This study focused on the discussion of five main aspects, namely the community’s capability in organizing resources, the division of labor, the network capability, the planning capability, and the political capability. The main results of this study include the following. (1) The building of community resource capability was closely related to the cultivation of community management talents’ability. (2) The integration of community organizational resources was strong, but its financial autonomy was insufficient. (3) Its planning capability depended on the collaboration of multiple parties to enhance effectiveness. Relevant research recommendations include: (1) enhance the community’s ability to connect with local or nearby school resources; (2) construct the resource connection ability of the community; (3) train talents to develop programs and make plans; (4) strengthen the community organizations’initiative ability; and (5) improve the financial autonomy of community organizations.