生成式AI作為司法人員決策輔助工具的可能性初探：以ChatGPT為例   全文下載

A Preliminary Study of Judges and Prosecutors’Potential Use of Generative AI as a Support Tool in Decision Making: The Case of ChatGPT

本文探討生成式AI作為輔助工具應用於司法人員決策過程的可能性，採用文獻回顧及深度訪談法進行研究。首先基於文獻回顧，綜合生成式AI的資料處理流程、司法人員決策影響因素等，提出了以司法人員為主體的研究概念架構，以深度訪談法詢問2位檢察官及3位法官，並由受訪者與ChatGPT就法律問題進行直接互動，研究者再綜合訪談結果進行編碼，就前開概念架構進行理論對話及修正。結果顯示，在組織慣例及個人經驗需求上，司法機關具備有利於導入生成式AI的條件，但司法人員在行使裁量權及作成自由心證的過程中，也可能限制生成式AI的可應用性。最後，本文在理論貢獻方面，提出了生成式AI輔助司法人員決策過程的概念架構；在實務建議方面，提出司法機關導入生成式AI前，應優先處理技術性及自動化偏見問題，並制定審查監督機制，建立具透明性、可被課責的生成式AI，輔助司法人員提升決策效率及品質。

This article explores the potential of generative AI as an auxiliary tool in the judicial decision-making process. It employed a literature review and indepth interviews as research methods. Based on the literature review, this article proposed a human-centered research framework that integrates aspects such as the data processing flow of generative AI and factors influencing judicial decisions. Through in-depth interviews with 2 prosecutors and 3 judges, participants interacted directly with ChatGPT on legal issues. Interview results were coded, and theoretical dialogue and refinement were performed using the conceptual framework. Findings indicate that judicial institutions favor the introduction of generative AI, particularly concerning organizational habits and personal experience limitations. However, the discretion power of prosecutors and understanding of the principle of“free proof”by judges may limit the applicability of generative AI. Finally, this article makes a theoretical contribution by proposing a conceptual framework for integrating generative AI into the judicial decision-making process. In practical suggestions, it is proposed that before adopting generative AI, judicial institutions should prioritize addressing technical and automation biases in generative AI, establish audit and review mechanisms, and develop transparent and accountable generative AI systems that can assist prosecutors and judges in improving the efficiency and quality of decision-making.