「zo」在談話中扮演著什麼樣的角色

How Does a Sentence-final Particle, ''zo'' in Japanese Discourse?

語氣詞「zo」一直以來被認為是「男性專用」的，並被描述為「給人一種粗魯的感覺」。本研究以會話語料庫以及訪談等談話資料為對象，針對「zo」的使用進行調查與觀察。結果顯示，在21世紀的現在，使用「zo」的女性也不少，且讓人不會感覺到粗魯的「zo」的使用也變多了。觀察實際的談話資料後，發現了以下幾點。(1)「zo」被示作注意點。(2)使用於想與聽者拉遠距離所使用的「zo」，以及相反的，即縮短與聽者之間的心理距離之作用的「zo」。(3)「zo」並非只能表達說話者的負面情緒，也有能夠表達正面情緒的場合。具有「表達話者強烈主張」核心語意的「zo」，會根據話者的陳述內容，上下文和語調呈現出多種樣貌，生動地表達話者的感情和主張。「zo」在對話中始終扮演著使話者的說話意圖發揮最大效用的角色。在『日語日常會話語料庫』中，「zo」的使用不僅侷限於年輕一代，而是被廣泛地使用於各個年齡層的男性和女性之間。本研究認為「zo」在使用方式的擴大，以及開始使用於各種不同場合，皆為「zo」使用次數增加的原因。

A sentence-final particle, ''zo'' has been described as ''men use only'' and an impolite word. In this paper, the uses of ''zo'' are observed based on the Japanese corpora and discourse data such as interviews, and it is found that women also use ''zo'' and speakers effectively use ''zo'' in different ways in their discourse. After observing the actual discourse data, the following points became clear. 1.''Zo'' submits an attention point in utterances. 2.''Zo'' is used in utterances that push away the listeners; on the contrary, it is also used in utterances that shorten the mental distance between speakers and listeners. 3 ''Zo'' expresses not only speakers' negative emotions but also speakers' positive feelings. ''Zo'' has a key meaning of expressing speaker's strong assertions and feelings. ''Zo'' shows different faces due to utterances, context and intonations and lively expresses speakers' feelings and assertions. ''Zo'' always plays a role in maximizing the speaker's intended speech. In the Corpus of Everyday Japanese Conversation, ''zo'' is widely used by speakers of various generations, both male and female. The change to a wide range of usage and its use in various situations has increased its use.