重寫歷史：從希門尼斯的回憶錄看後殖民文化動態

Reinscribing History: Exploring Postcolonial Cultural Dynamics through Francisco Jiménez’s Memoir

本文援引阿根廷女性思想家盧貢涅絲提出的「自主的主體性」，闡述主體的內在動力，才是弱勢族裔意識啟蒙的關鍵，並深入探討希門尼斯的回憶錄四部曲中主體意識由內而外；悄然萌芽的過程。回憶錄以時間順序撰寫為成長過程四部曲，包含《迴圈》；《突破》；《拓展》和《扎根》，從跨越美墨邊境；落腳美國的移民農工敘事展開序幕，呈現墨美族裔接近土地的勞動方式；資本主義下受到的經濟剝削，以及複雜的後殖民文化動態。回憶錄回溯歷史記憶，當中沒有譁眾取寵或自我吹捧，看似平淡，卻是成長過程的拼圖，開啟少數族裔自我啟發與賦權的關鍵。希門尼斯的歷史書寫，不停滯於美墨間過往的歷史設定，突破了族裔自我呈現的僵化立場。更重要的是，擁抱文化雜揉的閥域空間，有助於促進非暴力抵抗策略的發展，進而推動集體改革，扭轉族裔長久受到壓迫的劣勢。

This essay draws upon the concept of“active subjectivity”coined by Argentine philosopher Maria Lugones to underscore the subject’s inner drive as pivotal in fostering resistance consciousness among marginalized ethnic groups. This critical concept is employed to explore the nuanced process whereby strength emerges from the psychological depth in Francisco Jimenez’s four-part memoir series. Jimenez’s chronologically organized memoir, comprising Circuit, Breaking Through, Reaching Out, and Taking Hold, commences with the arrival of immigrant laborers in the United States after crossing the border. The memoir delves into the demanding land-based labor of Mexican-Americans, the impact of capitalist exploitation, and the complex post-colonial cultural dynamics. While the memoir entails no self-aggrandizing remarks, or may even appear unremarkable, the act of reinscribing history serves as an integral part in the journey of personal growth, self-inspiration, and empowerment for ethnic minorities. Jimenez’s historical narrative unfolds itself from the historical confines and the historically reified ethnic positioning between the US and Mexico. Most importantly, embracing the liminal position of cultural hybridity fosters the development of nonviolent strategies of resistance. In so doing, Jimenez marks the threshold from which long-endured oppression can be transformed towards collective efforts in bringing about social change.