從語言分析到語料驅動間接學習模式

From Linguistic Analysis to Data-Driven Learning Hands-off Models

本文旨在橋接語言研究端與語料驅動學習（Data-Driven Learning，DDL）教學端之鴻溝。DDL問世已三十餘年，相較傳統教學法，其提升第二語言之學習成效，已一再獲得實證研究支持。然受限於語料庫平台操作不易、語言分析與DDL師資培育難度皆高，以及相關研究少提及教學細節，致使DDL至今仍侷限在大學機構。有鑒於DDL對於第二語言學習成效已有目共睹，本文希冀將此優異之學習法引進華語課室內，因此提出兩份教學端能直接援用的DDL間接學習模式之具體教學建議。一為葉瑞娟等人（已接受）以構式搭配分析法探討互為釋義的「擦、塗、抹」為例，另一為以「國家教育研究院華語文語料庫」（Corpus of contemporary Taiwanese Mandarin，COCT）提供的數據資料，進而探討近義詞「買、購」之別為例。且為了讓華語教學端日後於備課歷程，能複製使用此一DDL間接學習模式，本文以如何解讀語言分析資料為開端，再按部就班說明語料庫平台操作方式、目標語料選取之明確步驟，以及規劃間接教學模式所需留意的各項教學細節，以期DDL有機會更廣泛的跨入華語課室內，嘉惠更多教學者與學習者。

This paper aims to bridge the gap between linguistic research and the application of Data-Driven Learning (DDL) in teaching. Over the past three decades, DDL has been empirically proven to enhance second language acquisition compared to traditional teaching methods. However, DDL remains largely confined to higher education institutions due to several factors: the complexity of corpus platform operation, the difficulty of linguistic analysis, the challenges of training teachers, and the limited focus on teaching details in existing research. Given the compelling evidence of DDL’s effectiveness in second language learning, this paper seeks to introduce this valuable learning approach into Mandarin Chinese classrooms by offering two specific teaching recommendations for hands-off DDL models that can be directly applied in teaching practice. The first model, based on a collostructional analysis (Yeh et al., forthcoming), explores the synonymous verbs ''擦'' (Ca), ''塗'' (Tu), and ''抹'' (Mo). The second model employs data from the ''Corpus of Contemporary Taiwanese Mandarin'' (COCT) to explore the distinctions between near-synonyms''買'' (Mai) and ''購'' (Gou). To enable Mandarin language instructors to replicate and implement the hands-off DDL models in their lesson preparation, this article begins by explaining how to interpret linguistic analysis data. It then provides step-by-step guidance on operating corpus platforms, selecting target corpus data, and designing hands-off DDL teaching models, highlighting the key teaching details that require attention. The goal is to enable DDL to enter Mandarin Chinese classrooms more widely, benefiting both teachers and learners.