負向人際關係與負面情緒對解決問題能力之影響：檢測參與休閒活動之調節作用

The impact of negative interpersonal relationships and negative emotions on problem-solving ability: Testing the moderating effect of arts and cultural leisure activities

本研究探討負面家庭關係、負面同儕關係與負面情緒對學習、生活解決問題能力之影響，以及負面同儕關係及負面情緒之中介效應，並檢視參加藝文型休閒活動之總效果調節進行分析。資料來源為台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫中的14,775名高中職及五專二年級學生，並採用結構方程模型進行數據分析。研究結果顯示：（1）負面家庭關係會正向影響負面同儕關係與負面情緒，並負向影響學習、生活解決問題能力；（2）負面同儕關係會正向影響負面情緒，且負面同儕關係在負面家庭關係與負面情緒之間為部分中介作用；（3）負面情緒則會負向影響學習和生活解決問題能力，其在負面同儕關係與學習及生活解決問題能力之間為完全中介，在負面家庭關係與學習及生活解決問題能力之間則為部分中介；（4）藝文型休閒活動並未發現對於負面家庭關係和同儕關係、以及負面同儕關係和負面情緒之間的影響具有調節作用，然而在負面家庭關係與負面情緒之間卻存在著調節效果。研究發現，相較於藝文型休閒活動參與度較低的情況下，當青少年參與較多的藝文型休閒活動時，負面家庭關係所導致的負面情緒會有增加的趨勢。因此，藝文型休閒活動在負面家庭關係、負面情緒以及學習和生活解決問題能力之間發揮著第一階段的調節中介作用。根據研究結果，研究者對於教育實務和未來研究提出相關建議。

This study investigates the effects of negative family relationships, negative peer relationships, and negative emotions on learning and life problem-solving abilities, as well as the mediating roles of negative peer relationships and negative emotions. The sample consists of 14,775 high school and vocational high school students in their second year from the Taiwan Education Panel Survey（TEPS）. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The results show that（1）negative family relationships positively affect negative peer relationships and negative emotions, while negatively impacting learning and life problem-solving abilities;（2）negative peer relationships positively correlate with negative emotions, and partially mediate the relationship between negative family relationships and negative emotions;（3）negative emotions negatively impact learning and life problem-solving abilities, fully mediating the relationship between negative peer relationships and these two variables, but only partially mediating the relationship between negative family relationships and these two variables;（4）there is no significant regulatory effect of artistic type leisure activities on the relationships between negative family relationships and peer relationships, as well as between negative peer relationships and negative emotions. However, there is a regulatory effect on the relationship between negative family relationships and negative emotions. The research finds that compared to those with lower participation in artistic type leisure activities, teenagers who participate more in such activities experience an increasing trend in negative emotions caused by negative family relationships. Therefore, artistic type leisure activities play a first-stage regulatory mediating role in the relationship between negative family relationships, negative emotions, and learning and life problem-solving abilities. Based on the research findings, suggestions are made for educational practice and future research.