論《莊子‧德充符》之結構

The Structure of“De Chong Fu”in the Zhuangzi

《莊子‧德充符》一文具有明顯的結構安排，可分為五個部分，分別探討了不同情境下的聖人形象。本文透過對各段落主要含義之梳理，發現全文圍繞「聖人」展開，從不同角度闡述了聖人所「處」之境、所「知」之範疇，以及所「行」之途徑。研究發現，「兀者王駘」和「申徒嘉，兀者也」兩段主要探討聖人所「處」的主動與被動狀態；而「兀者叔山無趾」和「惡人焉，曰哀駘它」兩段則分析了聖人在所「知」與所「不知」的情況下行為之選擇。最後一段「闉跂支離無脤（…）甕盎大癭」則揭示了聖人所行之途，乃超脫於世俗之外。

The text“De Chong Fu”in the Zhuangzi demonstrates a clear structural arrangement and can be divided into five parts, each exploring the image of the sage in different contexts. By analyzing the main themes of each section, this study reveals that the entire text revolves around the concept of the“sage,”elucidating the conditions the sage“situation,”the scope of the sage’s“understanding,”and the paths the sage“going.”The research finds that the sections on“Wu Zhe Wang Tai”and“Shentu Jia, who was also crippled”focus on the sage’s active and passive states of being. The sections on“Wu Zhe Shu Shan Wu Zhi”and“The Evil Person, Ai Tai Tuo”examine the sage’s choices in the contexts of what they“know”and“do not know.”The final section,“Yin Qi Zhi Li Wu Chen（...）Weng Ang Da Ying,”reveals the path of the sage as transcending the realm of worldly concerns.