芒果收成損失與參數型保險：基於溫度、雨量、風速與氣壓風險因子的探討

Mango Yield Loss and Index-Based Insurance: An Exploration of Temperature, Rainfall, Wind Speed, and Atmospheric Pressure Risk Factors

研究目的：本文以CEO結構權力、CEO所有權權力、CEO專家權力以及CEO聲望權力，分別檢驗其對於企業ESG評等之影響。
研究設計／方法：本文以最小平方法(OLS)和Ordered Probit模型進行實證分析後，透過八項穩健性與額外性測試，藉此確保研究結果之嚴謹性。
研究結果：實證結果顯示，CEO所有權權力、專家權力與聲望權力對企業ESG評等具有顯著正向影響；相反地，CEO結構權力對ESG評等呈現顯著負相關。
研究限制／啟發：由於ESG評等資料來源受限，研究樣本期間僅涵蓋2015年至2020年，未能反映更長期趨勢。建議後續研究可延長資料期間，並結合跨國數據進行分析，使研究結果更具參考價值。
理論／實務／社會意涵：本研究結果證實CEO權力將會影響企業ESG評等表現，並加以印證代理理論、利益收斂假說、管理靈活性理論與高層理論。
創見／價值：本研究結果可供企業作為提升ESG評等之決策依據，亦作為主管機關未來強化公司治理之參考。

Purpose–The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of CEO structural power, CEO ownership power, CEO expert power, and CEO prestige power on corporate ESG ratings.
Design/methodology/approach–This study employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Ordered Probit models for empirical analysis, followed by eight robustness and supplementary tests to ensure the rigor and reliability of the findings.
Findings–The empirical results show that CEO ownership power, CEO expertise power, and CEO reputation power are significantly positively correlated with ESG ratings. Conversely, CEO structural power is significantly negatively correlated with ESG ratings.
Research limitations/implications–This study is limited by the ESG rating data, covering only 2015 to 2020, restricting long-term trend analysis. Future research should extend the timeframe and incorporate cross-national data for broader applicability.
Practical implications/Social implications–The study’s findings confirm that CEO power influences a company's ESG rating performance, corroborating agency theory, the convergence of interests hypothesis, managerial flexibility theory, and upper echelons theory.
Originality/value–The results of this study offer valuable insights for companies to make decisions to enhance their ESG ratings and serve as a reference for regulatory authorities to strengthen corporate governance in the future.