推動職前師資生性別平等教育之挑戰與可能性

Challenges and possibilities of promoting gender equality education for pre-service teachers

隨著社會變遷與數位時代的來臨，性別平等事件頻繁發生，對社會產生深刻影響。學生亟需健全的性別平等知識與素養，以應對日益複雜的性別人際關係。因此，教育現場迫切需要具備性別平等素養的教師，透過知識傳遞和榜樣作用引導學生。為了培育未來教師具備正確的性別平等素養，性別平等教育在師資培育中的規劃與實施至關重要，對於師資生性別平等意識的提升和覺醒具有密切的影響。
我國課程教材中也存在性別偏見，因此在職前師資培育中融入性別平等教育至關重要。未來教師需學習辨識並解釋性別偏見，掌握設計不受性別限制的教學方法，並透過自我性別意識的反思提升對性別議題的敏感度。性別平等課程為期半年至一年，有助師資生充分反思與討論性別議題。量化研究證明，受訓學生的性別偏見顯著減少，性別平權態度提升；質性研究則指出，這類課程能促進學習者理解多元性別差異、破除迷思、強化價值觀澄清，並將思考付諸日常實踐。因此，在師資培育過程中推行性別平等教育已成為不可忽視的課題，為未來教育奠定促進多元與平等的基礎。
進一步分析指出，雖然法規已強調性別平等教育的重要性，但其推行仍面臨多重挑戰，例如課程設置不足、專業師資缺乏及師資生選修意願低等問題。即便部分師資培育大學設有相關課程，但多為選修課程，推動效果有限。為因應前述挑戰，本文提出具體策略，包括加強性別平等教育專業師資培養、建立教師社群促進專業發展、提高教師對性別議題的敏覺度、檢視並調整教育專業課程內容以融入性別議題核心素養、設立性別平等教育議題教學中心、在其他重要議題課程上結合性別平等教育、運用多元教學方法提升職前師資生的性別意識和修課動機，及重視學校非正式及潛在課程。希望透過這些策略推動性別平等教育的深化，為未來教師的培育提供方向和建議。

With the advent of societal changes and the digital age, gender equality issues have become increasingly frequent and have had a profound impact on society. Students urgently need comprehensive knowledge and literacy in gender equality to navigate the increasingly complex gender relationships they encounter. Therefore, the educational field requires teachers who possess a strong sense of gender equality, guiding students through both knowledge transmission and exemplary conduct. To cultivate future teachers with a correct understanding of gender equality, it is crucial to plan and implement gender equality education in teacher training programs. This has a direct and significant impact on enhancing and awakening gender equality awareness among pre-service teachers.
Gender bias also exists in Taiwan’s curriculum materials, making it essential to integrate gender equality education into pre-service teacher training. Future educators must learn to identify and address gender biases, design teaching methods free from gender constraints, and enhance their sensitivity to gender issues through self-reflection on their own gender awareness. Gender equality courses, typically lasting six months to a year, provide teacher trainees with time to thoroughly reflect on and discuss gender issues. Quantitative studies show that such training significantly reduces students' gender biases and improves attitudes toward gender equity, while qualitative research highlights that these courses foster understanding of diverse gender identities, dispel stereotypes, clarify values, and encourage practical application in daily life. Therefore, incorporating gender equality education into teacher training is an urgent task, laying the foundation for future education that promotes diversity and equality.
Further analysis points out that although regulations emphasize the importance of gender equality education, there are still multiple challenges in its implementation, such as inadequate curriculum design, lack of professional teaching staff, and low willingness of pre-service teachers to select related courses. Even though some teacher training universities offer such courses, they are mostly electives, limiting the effectiveness of these initiatives. To address these challenges, this paper proposes specific strategies, including strengthening the training of specialized gender equality education teachers, establishing teacher communities to promote professional development, reviewing and adjusting the content of professional education courses to incorporate core competencies related to gender issues, and employing diverse teaching methods to enhance pre-service teachers' gender awareness and motivation to enroll in these courses. It is hoped that these strategies will deepen the promotion of gender equality education and provide direction and recommendations for the training of future teachers.