國人男性在樓梯間搬運作業的人因研究

An Ergonomic Investigation on Chinese Male’s Material Handling Work Using Various Stairs

樓梯是常見的設施，在各種建築物中，常常需要透過樓梯的輔助達到樓層之間的移動。然而，不良的樓梯設計除了造成人員行走不便，滑倒或摔傷，還會衍伸後續的醫療與保險問題。本研究是透過人因實驗，探討以樓梯型式、提攜型態和樓梯坡度為自變項，對於人們在樓梯間從事人工物料搬運作業的影響，實驗的依變項為最大可承受提攜重量、心搏率和穩定度。結果顯示，除了樓梯型式對於穩定度的影響不顯著之外（p>0.05），其餘各自變項對於依變項均有明顯的效應（p<0.05）。其中，在不同樓梯型式的最大可承受提攜重量差異為13％、不同提攜型態的最大可承受提攜重量差異為47％、不同樓梯坡度的最大可承受提攜重量差異為14％。
此研究結果除了提供在樓梯上從事人工物料搬運作業時的指引，也可做為政府制定相關政策的參考。

Stair is common equipment for various situation in our life. It is a connection on floor-to-floor built in buildings. However, a poor design is inconvenient for people’s walk. It caused people to slip and fall, and subsequent medical and insurance issues. In this study, we attempted to discover the effect of Chinese Male during material handling work on stairs. An ergonomics experiment design as psychophysical approach to explore the effect of stair type, carrying style and stair slope on maximum acceptable weight of carrying, heart rate, stability and rating of perceived exertion on Chinese Male participants. The results show that except for the insignificant effect of stair type on stability (p>0.05), the other variables have signifi-cant effects on the dependent variables (p<0.05). The difference in the maximum acceptable weight of carrying between different stair types is 13%; the difference between carrying style is 47%; and the difference between stair slop is 14%.
In addition to formulating guidelines of Chinese Male for manual material handling work on stairs, the results can be used as a reference for the government to develop relevant policies.