STEM教育中問題解決能力研究之發展與趨勢分析

Development and Trends Analysis of Research on Problem-solving Skills in STEM Education

本研究回顧國際上STEM（science, technology, engineering, and mathematics）教育在問題解決能力研究的進展與發展，收錄Scopus資料庫之期刊論文，共納入265篇論文進行分析。研究方法採文獻計量法，透過描述統計、引用分析、共引用分析及共現分析等，據以了解STEM教育在問題解決能力研究的趨勢與發展。研究發現如下：1. STEM教育中問題解決能力研究成為近年相關領域重點研究範疇。發表數量最多的前3個國家為美國、土耳其與臺灣。2.從高引用與共被引文獻分析，可發現研究主題大量聚焦「運算思維」及「工程設計」此兩面向的問題解決能力。3. STEM教育在問題解決能力研究主題可區分為五個重要群集。最後，基於研究發現提出後續研究建議。

This study reviews the literature regarding problem-solving abilities in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education around the world. We collected journal articles from the Scopus database and included a total of 265 papers for analysis. The research method adopts the bibliometric analysis, through descriptive statistics, citation analysis, co-citation analysis, as well as co-occurrence analysis, to understand the trends and development of problem-solving ability research in STEM education. The research findings are as follows: first, research on problem-solving abilities in STEM education has become a key research area in related fields in recent years. The top three countries with the largest number of publications are the United States, Turkey, and Taiwan. Secondly, from influential scholars and critical literature on the subject of this study, we conclude that both“computational thinking”and“engineering design”are the main themes of the problem-solving abilities research. Thirdly, the research topics on problem-solving abilities in STEM education can be divided into five major clusters. Finally, suggestions for follow-up research are proposed based on the research findings.