英文摘要 |
本稿は台湾において文民の国防部長が少なく在職日数も短い理由を、国防二法の観点から分析したものである。その結果、国防二法の施行により国防部長の権限が参謀総長を凌駕したことや、参謀総長の階級が二級上将に制限されたことにより、高位の制服組にとって国防部長が新たに目指すべきポストとなったこと、制服組にとって有能な文民出身の国防部長はライバルとなるため、排除に動く可能性を指摘した。また、陳水扁総統の時代から民主化の成果を強調し文民統制が貫徹していることを示す意味で国防部長が漢光演習の統裁官を演じることになっている。しかし、それは他の民主国家にはない特殊な状況であり、再考の余地がある。さらに、国防部における制服組優位の状況も、文民出身の国防部長の誕生や長期任用を妨げている要因になっている可能性もある。 This paper analyzes the reasons for the small number and short tenure of civilian Ministers of National Defense in Taiwan from the perspective of the two national defense laws. The analysis reveals that the authority of the Minister of National Defense surpassed that of the Chief of the General Staff after the implementation of the two national defense laws. In addition, with the rank of Chief of Staff now limited to three-star general, the position of Minister of National Defense has become the new goal for high-ranking uniformed officer. Furthermore, a capable civilian Minister of National Defense is seen as a rival, leading to potential efforts to exclude him. In addition, the Minister of National Defense is to play the role of the officer conducting the exercise of the Han Kuang exercises since the time of President Chen Shui-bian, as a sign of the achievements of democratization and the implementation of civilian control. However, it is a special situation that has not occurred in other democratic nations and thus warrants reconsideration. Moreover, the predominance of uniformed personnel in the Ministry of National Defense may also be a factor preventing the creation and long-term appointment of the Minister of National Defense with civilian backgrounds. |