以內容分析法鑑別部落數位落差之關鍵測量指標

Identification of Key Indicators for Measuring the Digital Divide of Tribes: A Content Analysis Approach

印度擁有世界上第二大的部落人口，部落保存獨特的生活方式、習俗，以及豐富的傳統與文化遺產。部落多與世隔絕，也相對更同質而獨立。然而，相較於非部落人士，部落社群從數位科技應用獲益較少，在近用數位裝置與服務方面具有莫大落差。儘管透過「數位印度計劃」等倡議，政府在部落設有網路設施，但仍缺乏網路的基礎建設與使用技能。這樣的數位落差阻礙了部落的社經發展，也隨著數位環境變化而不斷加深。同時為確保數位包容，數位落差必須被弭平。
本文使用MAXQDA軟體，透過質性內容分析辨識出一組可用於測量部落數位包容的核心面向與指標，包含可存取性、可負擔性、意識、能力與態度五大關鍵面向，能夠在辨識社會排斥族群的數位包容程度中扮演重要角色。

India is home to the second-largest tribal population in the world. Tribal communities have always played a significant role in Indian society. They have distinctive lifestyles and customs as well as rich traditions, culture, and heritage. They also have many characteristics in common, such as residing in relative isolation from other social groupings and are relatively more homogeneous and independent. But they fall far behind in reaping the benefits of digital technology applications when compared to non-tribal population. There exists a huge gap in the access and use of digital devices and services between the tribal and non-tribal population. There might be internet facilities in tribal villages because the government has been keen in uplifting the lives of tribal people through various initiatives such as Digital India programme, but the fact remains that they lack the skill and infrastructure to utilize the benefits of the internet. Hence it is evident that there exists digital divide which hinders the economic and social development of the tribes. This paper attempts to identify a set of core dimensions and indicators that could be potentially used to measure the digital inclusion of the tribes. The digital divide between the tribal group and non-tribal group deepens with the ever-changing digital landscape and for ensuring digital inclusion, this digital divide should be eliminated. Qualitative content analysis of selected documents using MAXQDA software, one of the leading software for qualitative and mixed methods research, was used in this study. Five key dimensions—Accessibility, Affordability, Awareness, Ability and Attitude (5As) that play a crucial role in identifying the extent of digital inclusion of the socially excluded group of population were extracted from the documents subjected to qualitative content analysis.