聯合國海洋法公約架構下海洋生物資源永續利用與養護規範之研究

聯合國海洋法公約（United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, UNCLOS），自1982年通過後至2023年甫滿40年。UNCLOS建立海域劃界制度，開啟國家管轄權海域概念，及各海區人類海洋活動之規範。與海洋生物資源有關的國際法討論與評析，大都以單一物種為主，分析特定物種的有關規範。因此，本文從宏觀的角度，概述海洋生物多樣性特性及以此為基礎的資源管理邏輯，及與海洋生物資源有關的現有國際規範之內涵、討論其面臨之挑戰與發展趨勢。我國為沿海國同時也是主要的船旗國，本研究結果協助我國掌握海洋生物資源有關的國際法規範，有助於我國維繫海洋資源使用的權益，並在海洋資源養護議題上尋找有效的做法，期望能對國際海洋生物資源規範有關研究有所幫助。

The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) mark its 40th Anniversary in 2020. The UNCLOS introduces a system of maritime zones which divides the oceans within or beyond national jurisdiction of the coastal States. It also recognizes rights and obligations of States in different maritime zones. A wide range of the existing literatures studied particular species-based or sectoral-based regulations. This article studies characteristics of marine living resources and relevant management strategies. It also discusses the key contents, challenges and future trend of the international legal regime in relation to marine living resources from a holistic perspective. Taiwan is a coastal State and also a flag State. The findings might assist Taiwan to access more knowledge on international marine living resources legal regime in order to secure our ocean rights and develop means to conserve ocean resources. The findings might also contribute a viewpoint to the scholarship in relation to marine living resources.