人文學的發展與展望：從余英時〈接受克魯格人文獎講詞〉相關議題談起

克魯格人文獎號稱人文界的諾貝爾獎，2006年由余英時教授與弗蘭克林（John Hope Franklin）教授共同獲得，余先生發表一篇〈接受克魯格人文獎講詞〉，但在學界還沒有進行充分討論。其實，這是一篇值得人文學界留心的講詞，特別是思想史領域本來包含學科就相當廣泛，在此意義上也反映人文學界的多樣面向，並涉及對中國歷史與文化傳統的認識與展望。本文分為三點談起：首先，余先生認為「一旦中國文化回到『道』的主流，中國相對的一系列問題也將隨之而終結」，這是將歷史問題與價值意義視為同等重要，也是研究人文學科得到的現實功能。其次，余先生認為最好的價值導引應當回到中國歷史本身脈絡，這也需要有通盤整體視野與掌握文獻能力，留心重大變化時期，是什麼原因造成如此之演變過程，當中的「道」如何發揮作用。最後，是否能夠與其他文化兼容，並且凸顯核心價值所在，如何內化為人文精神的重要因素。本文即以余英時〈接受克魯格人文獎講詞〉作為論述起點，兼論其他相關議題，緊扣人文學的發展與展望之大哉問。

The Kluge Prize in the Humanities, known as the Nobel Prize in the humanities, was awarded jointly to Professor Yingshi Yu and Professor John Hope Franklin in 2006. Mr. Yu delivered a speech accepting the Kluge Prize in the Humanities, which has not yet been fully discussed in the academic community. In fact, this is a speech that deserves the attention of the humanities community, especially since the field of the history of ideas originally encompasses a wide range of disciplines; in this sense, it also reflects the diverse orientation of the humanities community, which comes down to the understanding and outlook of China's history and cultural traditions. The paper is divided into three points: first, Mr. Yu argues that ''once Chinese culture returns to the mainstream of 'Tao', a series of relative problems in China will also come to an end'', which is to regard historical issues and value significance as equally important, and is also a practical function of the study of the humanities. Secondly, Mr. Yu believes that the best guide should be to go back to the lineage of Chinese history itself, which also requires a holistic vision and the ability to grasp it, to pay attention to what caused such an evolutionary process during the period of major changes, and how the ''Tao'' plays a role in it. Finally, whether it can be compatible with other cultures and highlight its core values, and how it can be gradually internalized as an important element of its own internal humanism. In this paper, we take Yingshi Yu's acceptance speech for the Kluge Humanities Prize as the starting point, and discuss other related issues, focusing on the development and prospects of humanities.