邁向多尺度跨域治理架構的長期社會生態研究：國際回顧與臺灣前瞻

永續發展的前提是，建立人文社會與自然生態系統間的互動關係，並務實觀察其相互影響及變遷驅力。社會與生態並非各自運作的系統，彼此具有相依關係；兩者的系統變遷也會相互反饋，對彼此的運作產生影響。歐盟會員國陸續在行之有年的「長期生態研究」（long-term ecological research, LTER）基地納入人文與社會資料觀測與收集，形成「長期社會生態研究」（long-term social-ecological research, LTSER）平台。LTSER需整合跨學科研究、與權益關係人共同生產知識及尋找問題解方，並配合地域特性，厚植地方知識。LTSER也反映出人地關係的調節有賴適當的制度介入，建立跨域協作機制，促成完整的社會生態監測，並制定多尺度跨域治理架構。本文定位為回顧性論文，對國內方興的LTSER及理論基礎予以綜合性評析。除了陳述LTSER的主要學理基礎，本文也探討其具有的協作機制、跨學科整合、多尺度等特性，在公共管理上跨域治理的意涵為何？又如何銜接多樣的國土空間？透過臺灣目前正在推動的LTSER Changhua為例，本文闡釋LTSER對落實臺灣國土規劃及地方永續性之必要。

The premise of sustainability is to establish interaction between social and ecological systems as well as pragmatically investigating their interplays and driving forces of environmental change. Human society and natural ecology are not individual systems functioning independently but exist interdependent relationships. Their system transformation also feedbacks and affects each other. The European Union member states have shaped the‘long-term social-ecological research (LTSER)’platform by means of integrating humanity and social data into the site of‘long-term ecological research (LTER)’which has been launched for a long time. An LTSER platform relies on consolidating transdisciplinary research, coproducing knowledge with stakeholders, and searching for problem-solving, as well as imbedding local knowledges matching localities. Additionally, LTSER reflects that balancing man-land relationships requires for appropriate institutional intervention to construct cross-boundary collaborative mechanisms, to promote holistic social-ecological monitoring, and to design multi-scalar cross-boundary governing frameworks. Positioned as an academic review, the paper offers a synthesis of the LTSER platform and its major theories which has just been recognized in Taiwan. In addition to review the mainstream theories of LTSER, this study also focuses on key concepts such as collaborative mechanism, transdisciplinary integration, and multi-scales to explore the implication of cross-boundary governance for public affairs and its connection to spatial planning. Using the LTSER Changhua as a case, the paper illustrates the necessity of LTSER for practicing cross-boundary governance on spatial planning and local sustainability in Taiwan.