特別權力關係不再特別嗎？司法院釋字第785號解釋之再檢視

本文重點有二，一是重新檢視司法院釋字第785號解釋（以下簡稱釋字第785號解釋），本文透過文獻分析法解析公務人員之服勤狀況與權利保障，並進而探討釋字第785號解釋的價值、精神與內涵，包括各規範是否符合法律保留原則、公務人員權利侵害之界線、各界對於「重大影響」、「顯屬輕微」與「非顯屬輕微」的理論等。多面向的探究釋字第785號解釋與實務運作中，是否真的落實憲法第16條「有權利即有救濟」之意旨，使特別權力關係不再特別？
二是分析比較公務人員保障暨培訓委員會（以下簡稱保訓會）與司法實務見解。透過前述的檢視與探究，本文重點二即欲藉由文獻分析法與案例研究法，蒐集司法院實務案例，加以檢視保訓會曾發布之人事行政行為一覽表，分析比較保訓會與司法實務見解對於權利救濟範圍的差異，解析該一覽表是否合理且符合司法實務見解與釋字第785號解釋之價值。
最後預期將前述法律層面之分析結果與行政管理層面結合觀察，由公務人力資源管理的角度提出研究結論，提出更具體之權利限制界線與實務建議，供未來的人事主管參考，讓公務機關得以順應傳統特別權力關係解構所劃下的新時代。

This article focuses on two main aspects. Firstly, it reexamines J. Y. Interpretation No.785. This article utilizes literature analysis to explore the historical situation and rights protection of civil servants, evaluating the value and implications of J. Y. Interpretation No.785. In the multifaceted exploration of the interpretation and practical implementation of J. Y. Interpretation No.785, the question arises: has the special power relationship genuinely ceased to be unique?
Secondly, the article analyzes and compares the perspectives of the Civil Service interpretation Education Protection and Training Commission and judicial practice. Through literature analysis and case studies from the Judicial Yuan, it examines the Personnel Administrative Action List and compares it with judicial practices in terms of rights remedies scope. The goal is to assess the reasonability and alignment with the values of judicial practice and J. Y. Interpretation No.785.
Lastly, the article combines legal analysis with administrative management viewpoints. From the perspective of public human resource management, it presents research conclusions and proposes concrete boundaries for rights limitations and practical suggestions. These recommendations aim to assist future personnel administrators in adapting to the new era of special power relationships.