論貪腐與防治之道   全文下載

On Corruption and Its Cure

貪腐常被喻為政治萬惡之淵，亦為暴政之源，唯貪腐的意義，卻各有不同的定義，是以本文旨在釐清各家看法，而提出其基本概念；其次，探索貪腐的各種型態，將有助於對貪腐的理解，其中又以交易型與非交易型、個人化與結構性、行政不法與政治陋聞、政治機器基礎的文化與現代市民文化最常被討論；復次，了解貪腐來源是防治貪腐的基本前提，因此有加以探討的必要；最後，則就一般國家現正推動的防治之道加以說明，主要包括：設置專門的立法監督、設立獨立的監督機構、建立透明機制、建構專業倫理守則，鼓勵揭弊行為、深化個體道德責任和構築健康的市民文化。

Corruption is perceived as a cause of vice and tyranny. There are many definitions on corruption, this article is first to describe some famous scholars to define it and induce the basic conception. Second, to explore the typologies of corruption is conductive to understand the basics for it. I will discuss the transactional corruption versus unilateral corruption, individual corruption versus systemic corruption, administrative wrongdoing versus political scandal, and the political- machine–based culture perspective versus the modern civic culture perspective. Third, understanding the sources of corruption is the prerequisite of the cure for it. It is necessary to search some basic causes of corruption. And finally, the way to cure corruption in the modern state is explored. The main cure ways include crafting the specific legislative regulations, establishing the independent supervisory agencies, promoting the transparency mechanisms, advocating the professional codes of ethics, encouraging the whistle–blowing, reinforcing the personal responsibility of morality, and shaping the healthy political culture.