日本法學研究入門方法－－以日美安保體制的憲法論為例

Introductory Methods for Japanese Legal Studies: An Example from the Constitutional Debate within the Japan-U.S. Security Framework

本文介紹及說明日本法學研究的入門方法，特別是以日美安保體制的憲法論為例。首先，法學作為高等教育中的一門重要學科，自中世紀大學誕生以來，一直在法律制度建構與解釋中發揮著重要作用，故本文從法學研究的出發點、法學解釋的方法、法學資料的取得方法、條文的學習以及法律三段式論法等方面，介紹並說明法學研究的基本方法，特別是法律三段式論法的思考，試圖提供了一個有效的法律推論框架，有助於在具體問題中進行規範性判斷。其次，通過對日本美日安保條約與憲法的判例分析，特別是砂川事件，展示了基礎的研究過程和方法。另外，有效的法學研究需要對條文和歷史背景有深入理解，並能夠結合理論與實踐進行分析，因此學說的學習也是不可缺少。最後，希望通過本文的介紹，為日本法學入門者和學生提供有價值的參考，促進對日本法學和憲法問題的理解。

This article introduces and explains the methods of entering Japanese legal studies, particularly focusing on constitutional theories related to the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty system. First, as an important discipline in higher education since the birth of medieval universities, law has played a significant role in constructing and interpreting legal systems. Therefore, this article introduces and explains the basic methods of legal research, including the starting points of legal studies, methods of legal interpretation, ways to obtain legal materials, learning about legal provisions, and the syllogistic reasoning method in law. Specifically, the article attempts to provide an effective framework for legal reasoning through the consideration of syllogistic reasoning, which is helpful for normative judgments in specific issues. Second, by analyzing the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty and constitutional case precedents, particularly the Sunagawa constitutional case, the article demonstrates the basic research process and methods. Additionally, effective legal research requires a deep understanding of the provisions and historical background and the ability to combine theory and practice for analysis, making the study of doctrines indispensable. Finally, through this introduction, it is hoped that valuable references will be provided for beginners and students of Japanese legal studies, promoting the understanding of Japanese legal and constitutional issues.