國家金融安全視域下金融科技的風險應對與法治保障

Risk Response and Legal Guarantee of Financial Technology from the Perspective of National Financial Security

在數字化時代；科技深度賦能金融服務的同時；也易引發國家金融安全風險；包括與傳統金融活動結合、構建新型金融網絡系統及新興科技直接應用等場景。金融科技引發國家安全風險的生成機理在於；隨著金融體系的中介類型增多、金融風險傳導渠道增加；新金融網絡體系會產生基於“關聯”的風險。金融科技“破壞性創新”的特徵；會從金融監管立法與實施兩個方面衝擊傳統金融監管框架；從而加劇監管失靈。國家金融安全的法治保障亟須理論層面的反思與重構；進而形成金融科技的“動態協同”治理模式；從外層金融網絡與基礎設施安全、中層金融科技創新活動和內層金融服務行為三個層面；構建多層次的金融科技法治保障體系。

In digital era, while the technology deeply empowers financial services, it might also lead to national financial security risks, in the scenarios such as coupling with traditional financial activities, developing new financial network systems, and directly applying emerging technologies. While the types of intermediaries in the financial system increase and the financial risk transmission channels diversify, the new financial network system generates risks based on ''correlation'' , which is the feature of national security risks caused by financial technology. The ''disruptive innovation'' characteristics of financial technology will impact the traditional financial regulatory framework from two aspects, namely, financial regulatory legislation and implementation, thus exacerbating regulatory failures. The legal safeguard of national financial security urgently demands thorough reflection and reconstruction, so as to form a ''dynamic collaboration'' governance model of financial technology. A well-structured system should be built from three levels, such as the outer financial network and infrastructure security, the middle-level financial technology innovation activities, and the internal financial service behaviors.