召喚經典——何良俊《語林》對《世說新語》體裁的因創

Appeals for Classics–On the Inheritance and Innovation of Literary Genre in He's Yu Lin toward Shi Shuo Xin Yu

《世說新語》是一個富含文化信息的經典作品，隨著時代的遞嬗，各時期不同的讀者，植根於個人的意識型態，產生各異的期待視野，孕育出多元的文化義涵。何良俊（1506-1573）於嘉靖二十九年（1550）所完成之《語林》，不但是明清時期首部「世說體」的作品，而且在體例、內容或文化義蘊諸方面，對《世說新語》有所因革，樹立明清「世說體」創作的典範，對「世說體」作品的影響深遠，價值與地位僅次於《世說新語》。本文以何良俊《語林》對《世說新語》體裁的因創為研究課題，試圖通過何良俊的學術思想與《何氏語林》成書的因由，以及《何氏語林》在體裁方面的因革，所呈現的體裁意識二途加以論述。一方面突出何良俊對《世說》的理解，從傳統的固定性轉向開放性。二方面彰顯何良俊通過撰述《語林》對《世說》體裁的因創，顯現讀者的能動性，在體例的變革以及類目的既定與變化中，闡述主體意識和意願的意向性活動。三方面指出《何氏語林》通過不同常規慣例的組織，構成反映對象，越過《世說》既定的視野，從而獲得了一種新的詮釋視野，為《世說》之經典性增色。

Shi Shuo Xin Yu, rich in cultural connotation, was known as one of the great literary masterpieces. With the development of the contemporary trend of thought, the reader 's response of different ages, varying and deep-rooted in his individual ideology, could bring out various horizons of expectation respectively and breed multiple cultural connotation.Yu Lin (also called He's Yu Lin), finished in Year of 29, Jia-Jing (1550) by He Liang-Jung (1506-1573), was not merely the first literary work of Shi Shuo Styles in Ming and Qing Dynasty, but was suggested that the literary genre, subject matter and cultural connotation should be ascribed to its inheritance and innovation from Shi Shuo Xin Yu as well. Furthermore, not only having set a good writing paragon of Shi Shuo Styles in Ming and Qing Dynasty, He's Yu Lin also produced a far-reaching influence on literary works of Shi Shuo Styles and thus achieved a remarkable appraisal second only to Shi Shuo from then on. This study aims on the topic of the inheritance and innovation of literary genre in He's Yu Lin toward Shi Shuo Xin Yu to manifest the stylistic features of the contemporary consciousness by ways of exploring He's academic thought, probing into the causes of He's writing Yu Lin and explicating the inheritance and innovation of literary genre in He's Yu Lin. Hence, there are three arguments discussed as follows: First, it aims to give prominence to He's unique comprehension of Shi Shuo, shifting from conventional fixity to flexibility. Second, it attempts to manifest the reader 's subjective dynamics by means of the stylistic features in He's writing Yu Lin toward Shi Shuo. Also, it elaborates the subjective consciousness and willing interpretation of the readers, verifying the variance of the response-inviting on He's Yu Lin, the formation of stylistic features and its classification of categories on Shi Shuo Styles. Thus, in the end, it draws a conclusion with the development of response-inviting on He's Yu Lin toward Shi Shuo Xin Yu, reflecting from the writer-oriented viewpoint to the reader-oriented interpretation horizons, and presents the abundance of historical nature and the beauty of spiritual merits.