魏晉士族兩性互動──以情、禮為探討重點

The Male-Female Interaction of the Aristocrats in Wei and Jin Dynasties---Centered on Emotions and Etiquette

魏晉時期，時風尚人物自然情性之顯，時人在兩性交往上多有緣情越禮之行。但其時禮法並非唯一用來判準人物行為之準則，而是關涉到階級等文化因素。當時士族階級在兩性交往上的從情之舉，首先須建立在禮的正當性上，並關聯於階級之思。這使得當時的兩性交往模式呈現出雙重現象，即士族男性與士族女性的交往多循禮節，士族女性或以門第高於男性而能任情使性；相反地，士族男性對身分低下的妓妾或平民女性則多越禮而狎玩之。其時女性在家庭地位中的高低，亦影響夫妻兩性相處，及婦女任情使性之可能性。

In Wei and Jin Dynasties, the social value system encouraged people to express their emotions and desires freely, making indulgence and violating courtesy a very common phenomenon. Courtesy was not the only standard of judging these people’s behaviors; instead, social factors such as hierarchy were more prominent influences. The indulgent relationships among aristocrats had to be established in accordance with an appropriate match of social status and relations between male and female. Therefore, there were two different faces of the male-female relationship in those eras. Aristocratic males and females obeyed courtesy when developing a relationship, and the latter, if belonging to a higher family origin than the former, might be more possible to indulge themselves in fulfilling their own sexual passion. On contrary, aristocratic males would toy with their concubines or other civic females without worrying about violating courtesy. Females’status in family would also influence their pattern of interacting with their husbands and the possibility of expressing and indulging in their own sexual passion.