民國二十一年我國中等學校制度改革經過之探討

民國十一年十一月公布新學制，十七年召開第一次全國教育會議，議決「整理中華民國學校系統案」，再經過十九年召開第二次全國教育會議，至二十一年公布中學法、師範學校法及職業學校法。本文的研究目的是：（一）新學制實施不久，為什麼又引起學制的改革？（二）這次學制的改革是由民間主導者，抑由政府主導者？（三）新公布的中等學校制度有何特徵？本文的結論是： （一）民國十一年新學制公布後，仍然解決不了內憂外患的局面。十七年北伐成功，國民將建國之基礎放在教育上面，對整個教育做全面性的檢討，學制也不例外。 （二）在以黨建國，以黨治國的政治籠下，這次改革是由中央政府主導進行的。 （三）取消綜合制中學，完全採取三三制；廢止選科制，完全採取必修制。由此，學制歸於畫一、僵化。 （四）從師範學校獨立設置的爭論，可以看出各級學校逐漸成為宣導國家所定教育政策之機關，而失去其自主性。

The New Educational System was promulgated in November 1922， by the Central Government of Peking. After the transference of the Central Government to Nanking， the First National Convention on Education， summoned in 1928， approved the postulate on “Reorganization of School System of the Republic of China”， which re-affirmed again， in 1930， by the Second National Convention on Education. In 1932， the School Laws of Secondary， Normal， and vocational Education were promulgated. In this study， the author aimed to research on the following three points: 1. Since the promulgation of the New Educational System， in 1922， was only in a short period of years， why the new reformation of the educational system was stired up again? 2. By whom this reformation of educational system was originated， whether by the people or by the Government? 3. What are the specific characters of the newly promulgated system of the secondary education? The conclusions are as follows: 1. After the promulgation of the New Educational systems in 1922， many problems either inside or outside the country have been still not able to be solved. After the success of the northward advance of the armies， the Nationalist Party， or Kuomintang Party put for the foundation of the constructing of the country on education， hence made the serious reconsideration on the whole realm of education， including naturally the system of education. 2. Under the political policy of so-called “the constructing of the Country by the Party， and the Admistrating of the Country by the Party”， this reformation was initiated by the Central Goverment. 3. By the abrogation of the Comprehensive Secondary School and enactment of the 3-3 middle school system， i.e，， 3 years junior high school and 3 years senior high school; and also by the abolishing of the elective courses and selection of total obligatory courses， the educational system runs quickly， here afterwards， into Unitarian form， and becomes a still and rigorous style. 4. The disputation upon the establishment of the independent normal school showed us that all schools in every level became gradually the organizations of the propagating of the political policy enacted by the country， and lost their independence of educational functions.