清華簡《耆夜》飲至禮辨析

Discrimination about the Rite of Drinking in Qiye in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips

清華簡《耆夜》記述武王八年伐黎還歸，於文太室飲至、作歌之事，研究者多稱此篇所記為「飲至禮」。《耆夜》全文不足三百字，而字字涉及禮與《詩》，彌足珍貴。學界相關之研究論文已有十餘篇之多，然學者間對《耆夜》所見之酬、舍爵、主賓、作歌、一終、飲至等關鍵詞的釋讀，與文獻尚有不吻合之處。筆者認為，學界目前對該篇之研究，無論是文字隸定，還是文意的推求，均有重新推敲之餘地。

Qiye, one chapter of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips, records how King Wu holds the rite of drinking and makes drinking songs in the temple to sacrifice King Wen, after he succeeded in defeating the Li country. Therefore, many researchers also deem this chapter as The Rite of Drinking. Though it only includes less than 300 words, it is comparatively valuable in terms that it is pertinent to The Book of Rites and The Book of Songs. In addition, over ten relevant papers have been published, but there are some contradictions remained as a result that scholars hold different interpretations about such key words as toast, put down the Jue, host and guest, make songs, the first ending, the rite of drinking, etc. This thesis argues that we need to rethink the chapter, whether from the point of affirming the character pattern or from the perspective of understanding the character meaning.