說「告」

On the Character“gao(告)”in the Oracle Bone Inscriptions

「告」字的古文字形構，自來異說紛陳，舊多从許慎釋為从牛从口，但上溯殷墟卜辭，「告」字口形上部所从與牛形較然分明，故學者或另闢蹊徑解釋，可惜諸說形義均難適洽。近年，張玉金先生提出：「告」字本義為告訴、報告，乃從「舌」字分化，從形義關係看來，相較舊說，此說較為合理，不過細核其形構分析，仍有可商之處，故筆者試就所見，提出一點假設：對照殷墟卜辭的「壴（鼓）」類字形，「告」字上部所从與「壴（鼓）」字類字形呈平行變化的現象，筆者認為「告」字可分析為从口、从壴省，但與另一個从口、从壴的「喜」字有別。至於「告」字从壴省的部分，則有幾種可能，或作為「告」字聲符，或作為表義偏旁，也可能聲符兼義。就目前所見證據，本文傾向將「告」字析為从口、壴省聲，也不排除聲符兼義的可能。

On the “ gao(告)” character of the ancient Chinese characters structure, there are many different versions. Early scholars have followed Xu Shen insights. Reference Oracle shape, previous statement is wrong. Recently, a scholar Mr. Zhang Yujin raised a new argument, but there are still some problems. I propose a hypothesis, '' gao(告)'' word is likely to be composed of two parts, one is the '' mouth(口)'', the other is the '' drum(壴 ／鼓)'' word. However, the '' gao(告)'' with another word ''喜'' word is not related. I think, '' gao(告)'' the word is likely to be a '' phonogram(形聲字)''. It is a symbol meaning '' mouth(口)'' word, phonetic character is '' drum(壴／鼓)'' word, phonetic character has been omitted. However, this article does not rule out another possibility is that the phonetic component can express meaning.