高中生「形地辨析型」與「形地混同型」之認知式態及其與教育﹑職業興趣成就的關係

本研究有系統地研究「形地辨析」（FID）與「形地混同」（FD）之認知式態，利用「范氏隱藏圖形測驗」（HFT）測量高中學生330人（男170人，女160人），利用相關，x2考驗、t考驗、ANOVA、主要效果分析等統計方法來處理分析，發現：（1）男女生此種式態有差異，男生傾向於形地辨析型者較多，女生反是；（2）HFT分數與智商有中度相關；（3）傾向形式辦析型者數理分數較高；傾向形地混同型者其語文社會科成就是否較高未能得到證實；（4）傾向形地辨析型者對數理科目有較大的興趣；反之，傾向形地混同型者，對語文社會科目較感興趣。（5） 形地辨析型的學生有志於考甲組、丙組的較多，形地混同型者有志於乙組的顯然較多。（6）形地辨析型與形地混同型對職業興趣也顯有不同，前者有志於理論性、技術性等分析──非人事社會的職業類型，後者有志於行政性、社會服務性、商業性、教育性等人事社會──非分析之職業類型的居多。（7）上述有關認知式態與教育、職業興趣之相關，因男女生有差異，在男生較顯著，在女生則較不顯著。

This study was to investigate systematically “Field Independence” vs. “Field dependence” in cognitive style measured by “Hidden Figure Test”， and to explore its effects upon educational & vocational interests and achievemts. 170 boys and 160 girls selected by “Stratified Randomly Sampling” were formed as the sample. By r， x2， ANOVA， post hoc comparison， this study revealed: 1. No significant differences (between boys and girls) were found in HFT scores. 2. There was a moderate correlation between HFT and IQ. 3. No significant differences exsisted either among the students grown up in different communities， or among the students of different SES. 4. The “Field Independent” student shows better performance in science & mathematics than the “Field dependent”. 5. Educational & vocational interests have an association with cognitive style. In education， the FI tends to select mathematics， sciences， engineering， architecture， agriculture as the area for specialization while the FD tends to take humanities， social science， commercial; As in vocation domain， the FI shows more interested in impersonal-analytical category， whereas the FD more interest in interpersonal-nonanalytical category. 6. These correlations dectected above were more significant for the boys than for the girls.