外國法的證明與適用──基於45份民事判決書的分析

Proof and Application of Foreign Law-Based on the Analysis of 45 Civil Judgments

外國法的證明與適用是法院審理涉外案件中的重要一環。中國對外國法的證明採取的是爭議比較大的“二分法”模式，即在不同情況下分別由當事人和法院對外國法的內容承擔證明義務，對於此模式的運用，實踐中也存在很多問題。為解決外國法的證明問題，首先應確定外國法的性質。在對比其他國家對外國法所採取的主要態度與做法後，認為外國法具有的是介於法律與事實的中間性質，中國採取的也是偏向於折中說之態度。在此基礎上“二分法”的證明模式具有存在的必要性與可行性。同時，針對實踐中存在的問題，提出完善“二分法”的外國法證明方式與明確中國法與外國法適用關係的建議。

The proof and application of foreign law is an important part of the court's trial of foreign-related cases. China adopts a more controversial ''dichotomy'' model for the certification of foreign law, that is, the parties and the court bear the obligation to prove the content of foreign law under different circumstances. In order to solve the problem of proof of foreign law, the nature of foreign law should be determined first. After comparing the main attitudes and practices adopted by other countries towards foreign law, it is believed that foreign law has an intermediate nature between law and fact, and China also adopts an attitude of eclecticism. On this basis, the proof mode of ''dichotomy'' is necessary and feasible. At the same time, in view of the problems in practice, this paper puts forward suggestions to improve the ''dichotomy'' method of proving foreign law and clarify the application relationship between Chinese law and foreign law.