世界貿易組織新冠肺炎疫苗知識產權豁免談判：溯源、訴求與展望

World Trade Organization Covid-19 Vaccine Intellectual Property Exemption Negotiations: Traceability, Appeals and Prospects

世界貿易組織的《TRIPS協議》將知識產權作為“私權利”進行保護，有著深刻的歷史背景和法理淵源。在新冠疫情全球肆虐、病毒不斷變種的今天，全球疫苗產能不足、分配不均、接種不平衡的問題仍然突出。新冠肺炎疫苗的知識產權是一個複雜的體系，而且藥品實驗數據享有額外的知識產權保護，世界貿易組織成員對於新冠肺炎疫苗知識產權豁免分歧嚴重，新冠肺炎疫苗知識產權豁免協議短期內難以達成。我國應當在多邊層面堅定支持疫苗知識產權豁免，同時也要積極推動雙邊和區域領域的知識產權談判，加大對發展中國家的幫扶和統籌協調，推動實現人類衛生健康共同體。

The WTO's TRIPS agreement protects intellectual property rights as a ''private right'', and has a profound historical background and legal origin. The intellectual property rights of Covid-19 vaccine is a complex system. Combined with the additional protection of drug trial data and serious differences within its members, it is difficult for the intellectual property exemption agreement of Covid-19 vaccine to reach in the short term. China should firmly support vaccine intellectual property exemption at the multilateral level, and should also actively promote bilateral and regional intellectual property negotiations, increase assistance and coordination to developing countries, and promote the realization of a human health community.