跨境高等教育與品質保證初探：趨勢與挑戰

Exploring Cross-Border Higher Education and Quality Assurance: Trends and Challenges

在高等教育國際化的多元模式中，跨境高等教育之「人才流動」方式雖然歷史悠久，但「課程流動」及「機構流動」模式屬於新興趨勢。也因跨境高等教育機構或課程流動漸增，品質相關的議題也受國際相當的重視，除有跨境高等教育之輸出國及輸入國自訂之規範及品保機制，也陸續有「聯合國教育、科學與文化組織」（United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO）及「國際高等教育品質保證機構網絡」（International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education , INQAAHE）等國際組織，合作發展跨境高等教育品質保證方針。本文旨在初探跨境高等教育以及跨境品質保證的現象，透過了解跨境高等教育的需求、發展與挑戰，為後續探討高等教育國際化的研究鋪陳。本文透過文獻分析綜整跨境高等教育的發展趨勢及挑戰得出以下結論：一、政府政策是跨境高等教育以及跨境品保的關鍵；二、跨境高等教育的品保是跨境教育持續發展的重點；三、跨境高等教育研究的拓展與累積刻不容緩。

This study aimed to explore the phenomenon of cross-border higher education and quality assurance. It presents models and perspectives of cross-border higher education, focusing on program and institution mobility and the practice of quality assurance of cross-border education and cross-border quality assurance. As the demand for cross-border education has grown in recent decades, the issue of quality assurance has also come to the fore. International organizations such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education have been working with their international affiliations to develop the guidelines for cross-border higher education and quality assurance. This study drew the following conclusions by synthesizing the trends and challenges of cross-border higher education from literatures: 1) government policy is the key to cross-border higher education and cross-border quality assurance; 2) cultural differences between sending and receiving countries should be taken into account in the process of cross-border higher education and quality assurance, and quality assurance agencies should continuously strengthen international cooperation among nations; and 3) there is a strong need for empirical studies on cross-border higher education and quality assurance. Topics for further studies were suggested.