論劉述先儒家宗教性的詮釋

On Liu Shu-hsien’s Interpretation of Confucian Religiosity

儒家是不是一個「宗教」？是二十世紀以來最受爭議性的學術議題之一。然而儒家具不具備「宗教性」，也是值得研究面向；劉述先（1934–2016）對儒家宗教性的詮釋與開展，在此議題研究格外引人矚目，他更積極推廣儒家與世界宗教傳統對話的可能。「儒家宗教性」議題在劉先生的詮釋中富有多面向的涵義，但實質內容為何，需要透過論文進行分析，方能彰顯當中要義，在一定程度上也反映當代新儒家的主要說法。目前，學界對於劉述先在宗教對話與全球倫理的整體背景下，觀察其對於儒家宗教性的詮釋與開展提出看法，但是仍缺乏完整嚴密的分析論述，本文的關注焦點與問題意識是：欲探討當代學者對「儒家宗教性」的意義，以劉述先對於儒家宗教性的研究成果為例，論其儒家宗教性背景脈絡、哲學內涵、雙重性格、如何進行宗教對話、方法論的省思等等，作一全面性的闡釋，以此瞭解當代學者對儒家宗教性詮釋的視角，對於我們理解儒家宗教性的意涵亦有其裨益。

Is Confucianism a‘religion’? This was one of the most controversial academic issues in the twentieth century. The interpretation and development of Confucianism by Liu Shu-hsien (1934-2016) was particularly noteworthy in the study of this issue and actively promoted the possibility of a dialogue between Confucianism and the world's religious traditions. This paper intends to provide a comprehensive discussion of Liu’s background, interpretation, duality, and religious dialogues, with particular attention to Liu’s approach to Confucian religiosity and a certain degree of methodological reflection. From a methodological perspective, this article discusses Liu Shu-hsien’s interpretation of Confucian religiosity from three perspectives. Firstly, using the process of‘pre-understanding’in integrating contemporary religious and philosophical perspectives and searching for the greatest basis of consensus to remove religiosity from its center. Secondly, the connotation and discourse of Confucian religiosity is not merely a crawl through the meaning of the text in its historical context but rather an emphasis on spirituality and the contemporary translation and affirmation of important concepts in the pre-Qin period, such as the‘heavenly way’and‘inner being’. Thirdly, it extends and expands the life and vitality of the religious connotations of Confucianism, not only by giving legitimacy to the discussion of Confucian concepts but also by repeatedly establishing subjectivity in religious dialogues and developing a methodological discourse which can, to a certain extent, both‘make our way self-sufficient’and integrate with other traditions.