以科技接受模式探討資料視覺化在血液透析中心之應用：東部某區域教學醫院為例

Exploring the application of data visualization based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in a hemodialysis center: A regional hospital experience in eastern Taiwan

背景：台灣慢性腎臟病（Chronic Kidney Disease，簡稱CKD）的盛行率在全世界排行數一數二，病人須遵守醫療治療計畫以延緩疾病惡化。因此醫療人員須密切的追蹤病人透析之成效，適時調整照護計畫，是幫助病人控制疾病關鍵因素。一般醫院血液透析資訊系統紀錄及檢驗數值大多為單次性、數值型及文字型方式呈現，過於龐大複雜的資料因不易彙整而難以看出關鍵影響因素，進而影響護理人員決策。方法：本研究目的在利用資訊軟體工具運用於血液透析資料視覺化，設計出一年檢驗值資料呈現的五個主題，經由研究對象操作後，進行問卷填寫。研究問卷以科技接受模式（technology acceptance model, TAM）為基礎，外部因素以電腦自我效能（Computer self-efficacy）理論及創新擴散理論（Innovation Diffusion Theory；IDT）中的相容性（compatibility）建構問卷，探討資料視覺化電腦自我效能、相容性、知覺有用性、知覺易用性與使用意向之關係。結果：本研究機構為東部某區域教學醫院血液透析中心，實際收案23人，使用PSPP分析軟體，研究提出之結果：研究對象抱持正面態度，血液透析臨床照護使用資料視覺化可行性高；電腦自我效能、相容性、知覺有用性、知覺易用性、與使用意向皆介於中度至高度正向關係，護理人員基本屬性與使用意向無相關性。結論：本研究與眾多文獻結果一致，知覺有用性與知覺易用性為使用意向之關鍵因素。建議醫院設計符合護理人員使用之資料視覺化並導入臨床使用，並以護理照護成效之指標評值長期效益。

Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Taiwan ranks among the highest in the world, To delay disease progression, patients must adhere to a comprehensive medical care plan. Therefore, medical professionals need to closely monitor the effectiveness of hemodialysis, make timely adjustments to the care plan and address key factors that impact the disease. Conventional hospital information systems for hemodialysis primarily present data in a one-time, numerical and textual format. The sheer volume and complexity of the data make it difficult to identify key influencing factors, thereby affecting nursing staff’s decision-making process. Methodology: The purpose of this study is to employ information software tools for data visualization in hemodialysis. Five thematic maps were specifically designed to present one-year examination data. After participants interacted with the software, they were asked to complete a questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), incorporating external factors such as computer self-efficacy theory and compatibility from the Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT). It aimed to explore the relationships between computer self-efficacy, compatibility, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and intention to use in the context of data visualization. Results: The present study was conducted at a hemodialysis center in a regional teaching hospital located in eastern Taiwan. A total of 23 participants were recruited. The analysis was performed using PSPP analysis software. The conclusions drawn from the study are as follows: Regarding data visualization in clinical care for hemodialysis, the participants held a positive attitude and perceived a high feasibility. In terms of computer self-efficacy, compatibility, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and usage intention, all exhibited a moderate to high positive relationship. In addition, there is no significant correlation between the nursing staff's basic attributes and intention to use. Conclusion and Implications: The findings of this study align with numerous literature, highlighting the crucial role of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in shaping the intention to use. It is recommended that hospitals design data visualizations that cater to the needs of nursing staff and integrate them into clinical practice, with a focus on evaluating long-term benefits in terms of nursing care outcomes.