從生態系統供給服務的角度評估供水短缺對新竹地區工業產值的影響

Evaluating the Impact of Water Scarcity on Industrial Output Value in Hsinchu Area from the Perspective of Ecosystem Provisioning Services

新竹地區作為臺灣重要的工業中心，高度仰賴生態系統供給的水資源來維持生產所需，一旦發生供水短缺，將對我國的工業產值帶來顯著衝擊。本研究使用「區域性水資源耗用衝擊特徵模式」量化新竹地區三個主要工業區在面臨乾旱事件時因水資源供給不足而導致的產值損失。模式的計算結果顯示，當其他部門在頭前溪－上坪溪上游集水區額外取用1立方公尺的水且不排回原流域時，竹科新竹園區、竹科生醫園區和湖口工業區將分別損失介於新臺幣7,696至14,658元之間（標準差為1,708）、新臺幣3至871元之間（標準差為156）以及新臺幣7,504至8,320元之間（標準差為212）的產值。時序資料也顯示，經濟損失呈現逐年增加的趨勢。這些結果突顯了頭前溪－上坪溪上游集水區生態系統在供給工業生產所需的水資源存在的巨大經濟貢獻。政府機關和利害關係者可以依據前述數據考量投資於開發其他水源調適衝擊，並考慮納入企業社會責任或生態系統服務補償，以保護頭前溪－上坪溪上游集水區生態系統的供給服務，同時確保工業活動得以永續發展。

As a principal industrial center in Taiwan, the Hsinchu region heavily relies on the water resources provided by the ecosystem to sustain its production needs. Once water shortages occur, it will significantly impact the industrial output of Taiwan. This study utilized the“Regionalized Characterization Model of Water Consumption Impacts”to quantify the value losses in three major industrial parks in the Hsinchu region due to insufficient water supply during drought events. The model’s results indicate that when an additional one cubic meter of water is extracted from the upstream catchment areas of the Touqian-Shangping River by other sectors without returning it to the original basin, the Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu Biomedical Science Park, and Hukou Industrial Park will suffer value losses ranging from NTD$7,696 to NT$14,658 (with a standard deviation of NT$1,708), NTD$3 to NTD$871 (with a standard deviation of NTD$156), and NTD$7,504 to NTD$8,320 (with a standard deviation of NTD$212), respectively. Time series data also revealed a growing trend in economic losses over the years. These findings highlight the significant economic contribution of the ecosystem in the upstream catchment areas of the Touqian-Shangping River in supplying water resources for industrial production. Based on this data, governmental agencies and stakeholders could consider investing in developing alternative water sources to adapt to such impacts. Also, they could explore incorporating corporate social responsibility and ecosystem service compensation to safeguard the provisioning services of the ecosystem in the upstream catchment areas while ensuring the sustainable development of industrial activities.